Abstract: A method of treating a cancerous region in a breast and/or in the head of a patient using a single radiosurgery device by placing the irradiation unit on an axle is disclosed. By pivoting the whole irradiation system, the treatment space can face different directions to accommodate the site of treatment. By continuously or sequentially pivoting the irradiation head unit and assigning different irradiation times to different pivoting angles, not only maximum degrees of expansion of the solid angle can be used for focusing the radiation beams to the target but also different regions of non-target tissues can have different shares of radiation doses based on how critical and radiation tolerant they are.

Abstract: An optical fiber package is described comprising a light transmitting core having a core diameter, a coating layer surrounding the core, and wherein the amount of chlorine in the light transmitting core region is homogeneous and comprises at least 3000 ppm. The fiber package is such that the optical fiber core exhibits a reduction in the hydrogen induced attenuation losses. A method for fabricating the optical fiber package is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of treating a cancerous region in a breast and/or in the head of a patient using a single radiosurgery device by placing the irradiation unit on an axle is disclosed. By pivoting the whole irradiation system, the treatment space can face different directions to accommodate the site of treatment. By continuously or sequentially pivoting the irradiation head unit and assigning different irradiation times to different pivoting angles, not only maximum degrees of expansion of the solid angle can be used for focusing the radiation beams to the target but also different regions of non-target tissues can have different shares of radiation doses based on how critical and radiation tolerant they are.

Abstract: An optical fiber package is described comprising a light transmitting core having a core diameter, a coating layer surrounding the core, and wherein the amount of chlorine in the light transmitting core region is homogeneous and comprises at least 3000 ppm. The fiber package is such that the optical fiber core exhibits a reduction in the hydrogen induced attenuation losses. A method for fabricating the optical fiber package is also disclosed.

Abstract: Preparing a plan to synchronize radiation delivery to a target in a patient with patient breathing phase and amplitude as the independent variable comprising (a) obtaining simultaneous data on patient breathing and target shape and location, (b) correlating the data and optimizing the correlation, (c) establishing optimal parameters of radiation delivery for each breathing phase/amplitude or for each target shape/location; and (d) synchronizing radiation delivery to a target in a patient with patient breathing comprising (a) positioning the patient, (b) monitoring actual breathing or the shape/location of the target, and (c) while monitoring, delivering radiation to the target according to a plan; and a system for controlling radiation delivery by a device to a target in a patient comprising (i) a processor, which receives and processes data on breathing or the shape/location of the target, and (ii) a controller, which controls radiation delivery to the target according to a plan, which synchronizes radiation

Abstract: Preparing a plan to synchronize radiation delivery to a target in a patient with patient breathing phase and amplitude as the independent variable comprising (a) obtaining simultaneous data on patient breathing and target shape and location, (b) correlating the data and optimizing the correlation, (c) establishing optimal parameters of radiation delivery for each breathing phase/amplitude or for each target shape/location; and (d) synchronizing radiation delivery to a target in a patient with patient breathing comprising (a) positioning the patient, (b) monitoring actual breathing or the shape/location of the target, and (c) while monitoring, delivering radiation to the target according to a plan; and a system for controlling radiation delivery by a device to a target in a patient comprising (i) a processor, which receives and processes data on breathing or the shape/location of the target, and (ii) a controller, which controls radiation delivery to the target according to a plan, which synchronizes radiation

Abstract: An optical fiber amplifier apparatus and optical signal amplification method are provided. In one example, the amplifier apparatus comprises an optical combiner that is configured to receive an input optical signal to be amplified and a pump light beam. The optical combiner combines for output the input optical signal and the pump light beam. A first cladding pumped optical fiber in which Erbium is the only optically active dopant is coupled to the optical combiner to receive the pump light beam and the input optical signal. The first cladding pumped optical fiber pre-amplifies the input optical signal and passes the pre-amplified input optical signal and power of the pump light beam not absorbed by the first cladding pumped optical fiber. A second cladding pumped optical fiber is provided that is coupled to the first cladding pumped optical fiber. Erbium and Ytterbium are optically active dopants in the second cladding pumped optical fiber.

Abstract: An optical fiber amplifier apparatus and optical signal amplification method are provided. In one example, the amplifier apparatus comprises an optical combiner that is configured to receive an input optical signal to be amplified and a pump light beam. The optical combiner combines for output the input optical signal and the pump light beam. A first cladding pumped optical fiber in which Erbium is the only optically active dopant is coupled to the optical combiner to receive the pump light beam and the input optical signal. The first cladding pumped optical fiber pre-amplifies the input optical signal and passes the pre-amplified input optical signal and power of the pump light beam not absorbed by the first cladding pumped optical fiber. A second cladding pumped optical fiber is provided that is coupled to the first cladding pumped optical fiber. Erbium and Ytterbium are optically active dopants in the second cladding pumped optical fiber.

Abstract: A user may be provided with identified regions of interest superimposed on a larger image, which may permit the user to individually examine the regions of interest. The regions of interest may be independently windowed and/or leveled and/or magnified according to parameters associated with the region of interest, which parameters may be generated by a computer-aided detection algorithm.

Abstract: Using identification of their sizes and positions, objects may be attenuated or removed from images. This may involve the use of various filtering operations and may further include coordinate transformations prior to and/or after the filtering. The filtered objects may then be subtracted from the image.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention may process an input image using phase symmetry methods and use the resulting processing results to determine an object in the image. The object may be suppressed, if desired.

Abstract: An optical fiber (10) made with a central core (12), a first cladding layer (16), and a second cladding layer (18) having a series of perturbations or irregularities formed into the otherwise generally circular outer boundary of the first cladding layer (16). The irregularities in the first cladding layer (16) interrupt the propagation of skew rays and encourage coupling into the core (12).