Abstract: The present application relates to improved and effective purification processes and also relates to method of increasing the solubility of for GLP-1 analog and its derivatives particularly Liraglutide. The purification process of present application is advantageous not only in terms of providing the highly pure peptide chemically but also in terms of affording peptide drug substance which is having good physical stability even at a large scale during holding or in-use period, while making drug substance compatible for formulation.

Abstract: A system is provided for visualizing data in a computerized visual environment. The system comprises (i) a viewing device that displays, to a user of the viewing device, a graphical user interface within a virtual three-dimensional space, (ii) a handheld device configured to allow the user to customize the display of a three-dimensional data visualization within the graphical user interface using hand motions made by the user, and (iii) a computing device coupled to the viewing device and the handheld device. The computing device is configured to cause to display to the user on the viewing device a filter plane overlaying the three-dimensional data visualization, detect a position of the filter plane that is movable by the user in the graphical user interface, and alter the three-dimensional visualization in the graphical user interface based on the detected position of the filter plane.

Abstract: A system is provided for visualizing data in a computerized visual environment. The system comprises (i) a viewing device that displays, to a user of the viewing device, a graphical user interface within a virtual three-dimensional space, (ii) a handheld device configured to allow the user to customize the display of a three-dimensional data visualization within the graphical user interface using hand motions made by the user, and (iii) a computing device coupled to the viewing device and the handheld device. The computing device is configured to cause to display to the user on the viewing device a filter plane overlaying the three-dimensional data visualization, detect a position of the filter plane that is movable by the user in the graphical user interface, and alter the three-dimensional visualization in the graphical user interface based on the detected position of the filter plane.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are described for generating a cryptographic authentication key. A computing device receives a request to generate a cryptographic key. The device generates a defined sequence of security questions, each question associated with a difficulty value. The device generates the key using the defined sequence of questions, comprising: a) presenting a first question and receiving an answer to the first question, b) generating a hash string corresponding to the received answer, c) determining a next question based upon the hash string, d) presenting the next question and receiving an answer to the next question, e) concatenating the answer to the next question with the hash string, f) applying a hash function to the hash string with the concatenated answer to update the hash string, g) repeating steps c-f until the difficulty values of the questions reaches a threshold, and h) generating the key from the updated hash string.

Abstract: A continuous process for producing compounds having the general formula (6) is provided: wherein R is a straight or branched chain alkyl group, R1 is a straight or branched chain alkyl group substituted with a nitrile group, a hydroxy group or a halogen atom, R2 is a hydroxy group or a keto group, and each R3 is, independently, hydrogen or a straight or branched chain alkyl group, comprising providing a continuous stream of an alkyl acetate and a continuous stream of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal amide base and contacting the continuous streams to yield an enolate compound, providing a continuous stream of a compound of formula (5): wherein R1 is as previously defined, and contacting the continuous stream of compound (5) with a continuous stream of the enolate above 20° C. to yield an intermediate compound and treating the intermediate compound with an acid.

Abstract: The invention concerns A continuous process for the production of compounds having the general formula (6): wherein R is a straight or branched chain alkyl group, R1 is a straight or branched chain alkyl group substituted with a nitrile group, a hydroxy group or a halogen atom, R2 is a hydroxy group or a keto group, and each R3 is, independently, hydrogen or a straight or branched chain alkyl group, comprising providing to a reaction zone a continuous stream of an alkyl acetate and a continuous stream of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal amide base and contacting the continuous streams together in the reaction zone to yield an enolate compound, providing to the or a separate reaction zone a continuous stream of a compound of formula (5): wherein R1 is as previously defined, and contacting the continuous stream of compound (5) with a continuous stream of the enolate (4) in the or the separate reaction zone at a temperature above 20° C.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the manufacture of HI 6 dimethanesulfonate comprising contacting an O-protected pyridine aidoxime compound with bis(methylsulphonoxymethyl)ether in a suitable solvent to form an intermediate compound, contacting said intermediate compound with isonicotinamide to form an O-protected HI 6 product precursor, and de-protecting the precursor to form HI 6 dimethanesulfonate.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a metallocene-based phosphine ligand for use in enantioselective catalysis, the ligand having the Formula (I): Wherein M is a metal; Z is P or As; L is a suitable linker; R1 is selected from alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, cycloalkyl, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkylamino carbocyclic aryl, substituted and unsubstituted carbocyclic aryloxy, heteroaryl, heteroaryloxy, carbocyclic arylamino and heteroarylamino; X* is selected from (II): Wherein R, R2 and R3 are independently selected from optionally substituted branched- and straight-chain alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, carbocyclic aryl, and heteroaryl.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of preparing a sulfonyl ether comprising the steps of: v) reacting a sulfonic acid with an anhydride, under continuous vacuum distillation conditions, to form a carboxysulfonate; vi) reacting the carboxysulfonate with an optionally substituted cycloalkane ring containing at least 3 heteroatoms to form a sulfonyl ether pre-mix comprising a sulfonyl ether and at least two additional reaction products each containing at least one ether linkage; vii) subjecting the pre-mix to continuous vacuum distillation conditions to remove at least some of the additional reaction products from the sulfonyl ether pre-mix to provide a crude sulfonyl ether product; and viii) purifying the crude sulfonyl ether product.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the manufacture of H1 6 dimethanesulfonate comprising contacting an O-protected pyridine aidoxime compound with bis(methylsulphonoxymethyl)ether in a suitable solvent to form an intermediate compound, contacting said intermediate compound with isonicotinamide to form an O-protected HI 6 product precursor, and de-protecting the precursor to form HI 6 dimethanesulfonate.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a metallocene-based phosphine ligand for use in enantioselective catalysis, the ligand having the Formula (I): Wherein M is a metal; Z is P or As; L is a suitable linker; R1 is selected from alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, cycloalkyl, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkylamino carbocyclic aryl, substituted and unsubstituted carbocyclic aryloxy, heteroaryl, heteroaryloxy, carbocyclic arylamino and heteroarylamino; X* is selected from (II): Wherein R, R2 and R3 are independently selected from optionally substituted branched- and straight-chain alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, carbocyclic aryl, and heteroaryl.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for the manufacture of substituted propionic acids comprising providing a substrate of formula (I): And subjecting the substrate to enantioselective hydrogenation under enantioselective hydrogenation conditions in the presence of an enantioselective hydrogenation catalyst comprising a catalyst ligand having a metallocene group with a chiral phosphorus or arsenic substituent to provide in enantiomeric excess a product of formula (II): or its enantiomer or if applicable its diastereomer.

Abstract: A drawing apparatus including a frame portion. A liquid membrane is positionable within the frame portion. A planar portion is positionable within the frame portion below the liquid membrane. A drawing implement is used to press down on the liquid membrane to move a black pliable liquid around to expose images on the planar portion.