Abstract: In a projection system, an illumination unit directs light to a spatial light modulator, via a prism having first, second and third sides. At least some of the illumination light from the illumination unit enters the prism through the first side, is totally internally reflected at the second side and exits the third side of the prism to the spatial light modulator. The illumination light is incident on the first side along a first axis, the first axis being directed with a component directed towards the spatial light modulator. In some cases, the first prism may introduce prism aberrations to the illumination light. The light from the illumination unit is directed tot the prism by light handling optics. The light handling optics compensate, at least in part, for the prism aberrations.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a circuit arrangement for controlling the current in loads by modulation of the pulse width, comprising at least two driver stages (10) provided for the actuation of the loads, and one or more current measuring devices (3), and at least one multiplexer (4) conducting current measurement signals by way of the load current in the driver stages to one or more current measuring devices in dependence on one or more control signals (30, 31) for the multiplexer, said control signals being produced by a checking device (5). The invention further describes a method wherein the moment of the current measurements is controlled by an organized chronological order.

Abstract: A circuit for detecting a defect of electronic components in an electronic control unit includes an output for driving a load (3). A redundant measurement of the current (IL) is executed at the contacts (G, S, D), in particular at the driven contacts (S, D), of one or more semiconductor circuit elements, and an error function of a semiconductor circuit element is detected when the comparison of two current values (IS, ISense1, ISense2) by way of the current flowing through a load (3, 3?) indicates an unequal current distribution. This circuit is of use in electronic brake force or driving dynamics controllers for motor vehicles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a circuit arrangement for the error-free analog-to-digital conversion of N analog input signals Ni in a plurality of digital output signals corresponding to the number N using exactly one analog-to-digital converter, wherein N>=1, wherein further N? other redundancy inputs N?i are provided, and being fed to the said analog-to-digital converter, wherein the N and the N? inputs are supplied to at least one analog multiplexer, and wherein the circuit arrangement has an error monitoring functionality, and each input signal Ni is counter to the corresponding redundancy signal N?i. The invention also relates to the use of the circuit arrangement in electronic motor vehicle control units with an anti-lock function.

Abstract: The present invention is particularly useful for projection systems in which portions of an unwanted light beam overlap with the image beam. Such an overlap reduces the image contrast. Under the present invention, an aperture is used to restrict the extent of the unwanted beam while an integrator changes the shape of the light beam illuminating the image display device. The integrator changes the illumination beam so as concentrate the light in those areas of the illumination beam that are transmitted through the aperture. When the aperture and the integrator are used together in the projection system, both the image brightness and the image contrast are increased.

Abstract: An optical element for homogenizing light and an optical system incorporating same are disclosed. The optical element includes an optical rod that has an input face and an output face. The input face of the optical element is not parallel to the output face of the optical element.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for reducing deviations between the effective current and the measured current in a pulse-width-modulated current control, in particular for electronic brake control units of motor vehicles, wherein the measured current is determined at a certain predefined time within an actuation period and a compensation occurs by means of temperature-responsive and/or supply-voltage-responsive compensation variables which are added to the measured current such that a corrected nominal current is available for current control. The invention also relates to a circuit arrangement for actuating several inductive loads and comprises a circuit for PWM control of the load current. The method of the invention is implemented as a program in a microcomputer or microcomputer system that is electrically connected to the PWM circuit.

Abstract: A circuit for detecting a defect of electronic components in an electronic control unit includes an output for driving a load (3). A redundant measurement of the current (IL) is executed at the contacts (G, S, D), in particular at the driven contacts (S, D), of one or more semiconductor circuit elements, and an error function of a semiconductor circuit element is detected when the comparison of two current values (IS, ISense1, ISense2) by way of the current flowing through a load (3, 3′) indicates an unequal current distribution. This circuit is of use in electronic brake force or driving dynamics controllers for motor vehicles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a circuit arrangement for controlling the current in loads by modulation of the pulse width, comprising at least two driver stages (10) provided for the actuation of the loads, and one or more current measuring devices (3), and at least one multiplexer (4) conducting current measurement signals by way of the load current in the driver stages to one or more current measuring devices in dependence on one or more control signals (30, 31) for the multiplexer, said control signals being produced by a checking device (5). The invention further describes a method wherein the moment of the current measurements is controlled by an organized chronological order.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a circuit configuration with an A/D converter, especially for applications that are critical in terms of safety, which is especially characterized by a ramp signal generator for generating a ramp voltage that is delivered to the input of the A/D converter, and a test circuit for activating a test cycle which comprises a first run of the ramp, by which a reference measurement of the ramp signal generator is carried out for compensating component tolerances, and comprises a second run of the ramp where an error signal is output when the value that is calculated for a transmission characteristic of the A/D converter lies outside a predetermined tolerance range of the measured value of the transmission characteristic.