Abstract: A system for automatically controlling the wiping of automotive windscreens is disclosed. The wiping is conducted at a rate corresponding to the amount of water determined to be on the windscreen at each wiping cycle.

Abstract: A moisture sensor device for a vehicle windshield consists of a housing having a front portion composed of transparent material forming a window with an inner surface formed in a stepwise shape with two planar surfaces oblique to the outer front surface and an outer surface of which is adapted to be optically coupled to an inner surface of the windshield. An internal body portion fits within the housing and has a stepwise shaped outer surface fitting to the inside surface of the window, and includes a radiant energy emitter and a radiant energy detector positioned at oblique surfaces complementary to those of the window. Radiant energy passes from the emitter to the detector through the window and windscreen optically coupled thereto in an optical path that includes internal reflections at an outer surface of the windshield and at a planer side surface of the window. A circuit board alongside the internal body includes circuitry for operating the sensor device.

Abstract: A cleaning device for a cassette-type tape recorder wherein a cassette shell is provided with a longitudinally reciprocating bar adjacent the edge of the shell normally aligned with the heads of the recorder in use, the reciprocating bar being provided with a number of cleaning pads which contact and clean the heads and drive rollers in the tape recorder in a reciprocating manner. In the preferred form of the invention three cleaning pads are provided to clean the erase head, the record/playback head, and the capstan and pinch roller respectively.The bar is reciprocated by a cam drive from a hub member rotated by a drive spindle in the tape recorder. In the preferred form of the invention two hub members are provided, one being engaged with the forward take-up spindle and the other with the reverse take-up spindle of the tape recorder so that the cleaning device can operate either way up or in conjunction with an auto-reverse tape recorder regardless of the playing direction engaged.

Abstract: A testing apparatus for cassette type tape recording and/or playback machines has a cassette shell for mounting on the machine in place of the regular tape cassette, the cassette shell having driven means such as spools displaceably mounted within the cassette shell and adapted to be engaged and displaced respectively by the forward and rewind spindles of the machine when either of such spindles is actuated. Indicator means indicate the torque applied to either of the driven means by virtue of an indicating pointer adapted to move over a scale from a central rest position to which the pointer is spring biased, flexible means such as leader tape interconnecting the pointer to both of the driven means. Preferably the spring biasing and pointer are integrally formed in a T-shape with a pivotal mounting at the junction of the T such that the arms bend resiliently upon displacement of the pointer.