Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for identifying fungicides and also inhibitors of the 20S and 26S proteasomes, to methods for isolating 20S proteasomes, to the use of 20S proteasomes for identifying fungicides and to the use of the inhibitors of 26S and/or 20S proteasomes as fungicides.

Abstract: The invention relates to polypeptides from phytopathogenic fungi with the biological activity of an inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase, to nucleic acids encoding them, to the use of the polypeptides and nucleic acids for identifying modulators of the polypeptides, to methods for identifying such modulators, and to the use of these modulators as fungicides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) constructs, to vectors and host organisms which contain these DNA constructs and which, owing to their use in specific methods, are suitable for indicating the loss of correct splicing, and to the use of these transgenic organisms or cells for identifying new active substances, and, finally, to methods of finding new active substances which are capable of preventing correct splicing and to the use of these methods in high-throughput screening (HTS) or ultra-high-throughput screening (UHTS).

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for identifying fungicides, to nucleic acids which encode fungal polypeptides with the biological activity of glyoxal oxidases, to the polypeptides encoded by them, to their use as targets for fungicides, their use for identifying new fungicidally active compounds, to methods for finding modulators of these polypeptides, and to transgenic organisms containing these polyypeptides.

Abstract: The invention relates to nucleic acids which encode fungal polypeptides with the biological activity of acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase, to the polypeptides encoded by them and to their use as targets for fungicides and to their use for identifying new, fungicidally active compounds, and to methods of finding modulators of these polypeptides and, finally, to transgenic organisms containing sequences encoding fungal polypeptides with the function of an acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase.

Abstract: The present invention provides a universally usable knockout cassette that contains a selectable marker gene and is characterized by the specific design of the restriction cleavage sites. A method for preparing the knockout cassette is also provided as are methods of using the knockout cassette.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for increasing the growth rate of cells in static liquid media by using gelatinising agents and to a method for increasing the expression of genes in these cells, and also to the use of gelatinising agents, such as xanthan, in these methods.

Abstract: The present invention relates to DNA isolated from Arachis hypogaea which encodes or hybridizes to DNA which encodes a protein that repels pests. Such DNA is useful in the transformation of vectors, host organisms and plants and for the production of plants which exhibit an increased resistance to pests.

Abstract: Chimaeric DNA sequence which encodes: 1) a transmit peptide of a cytoplasmic precursor of a chloroplast protein or polypeptide of a plant and 2) a protein or polypeptide that is heterologous to the transit peptide. The chimaeric DNA sequence can be used as a vector for transforming a plant cell so that a chimaeric precursor of the heterologous protein or polypeptide is produced in the cytoplasm of the cell and the chimaeric precursor then transports the heterologous protein or polypeptide in vivo into a chloroplast of the cell.

Abstract: Chimaeric DNA sequence which encodes: 1) a transit peptide of a cytoplasmic precursor of a chloroplast protein or polypeptide of a plant and 2) a protein or polypeptide that is heterologous to the transit peptide. The chimaeric DNA sequence can be used as a vector for transforming a plant cell so that a chimaeric precursor of the heterologous protein or polypeptide is produced in the cytoplasm of the cell and the chimaeric precursor then transports the heterologous protein or polypeptide in vivo into a chloroplast of the cell.

Abstract: Chimaeric DNA sequence which encodes: 1) a transit peptide of a cytoplasmic precursor of a chloroplast protein or polypeptide of a plant and 2) a protein or polypeptide that is heterologous to the transit peptide. The chimaeric DNA sequence can be used as a vector for transforming a plant cell so that a chimaeric precursor of the heterologous protein or polypeptide is produced in the cytoplasm of the cell and the chimaeric precursor then transports the heterologous protein or polypeptide in vivo into a chloroplast of the cell.

Abstract: A chimaeric DNA sequence comprising:a) a nucleic acid sequence coding for a chimaeric protein or polypeptide comprising in sequence:1) a transit peptide of a cytoplasmatic precursor of a chloroplast protein or polypeptide of a plant species, and,2) a protein or polypeptide of interest which is different from a mature chloroplast protein or polypeptide contained in a natural cytoplasmatic precursor thereof, and,b) a promoter upstream of the nucleic acid sequence recognized by polymerases endogenous to a plant, whereby the chimaeric DNA sequence can be expressed in cells of the plant under the control of the promoter and the protein or polypeptide of interest can be translocated in the chloroplasts of the cells of the plant.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for eliminating odor-emitting substances from the waste air of installations of various types, to this end, the waste air is purified by spraying in washing water which contains an addition of certain non-ionic compounds or certain ampholytic compounds or of mixtures of these compounds. In this way the odor-emitting substances are effectively eliminated.