Abstract: A device and a method for controlling an engine. On the basis of a first variable which characterizes the injection quantity and a second variable which characterizes the angular position at which the injection quantity is metered, a third variable which characterizes the torque supplied by the engine is determined. Furthermore, on the basis of a fourth variable which characterizes the driver's intent, a fifth variable which characterizes the torque desired by the driver is determined. The third variable and the fifth variable are analyzed for the purpose of fault monitoring.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electro-hydraulic brake system for motor vehicles which is controllable in a ‘brake-by-wire’ operating mode by the vehicle operator as well as independently of the vehicle operator, and which can be operated in a back-up operational mode where only operation by the vehicle operator is possible. The brake system includes an emergency pressure generator or master brake cylinder which has at least one pressure chamber and is operable by way of a brake pedal, and a hydraulic auxiliary pressure source whose pressure is used to act upon wheel brakes that are connectable to the master brake cylinder by way of at least one hydraulic connection closable by a separating valve, as well as an electronic control and regulating unit.

Abstract: A laser machining head for machining a workpiece by a laser beam. The head has a head housing through which the laser beam passes along a central axis. A carrier member for a lens optics system for focusing the laser beam is mounted on the head housing and is displaceable relative to the latter in the direction of the central axis. A first setting device includes a cable connected to the carrier member and a cable drum connected to the head housing for winding up the cable in order to move the carrier member towards the head housing. A second setting device causes the carrier member to be displaced in the direction away from the head housing, with the second setting device being separate from the first setting device.

Abstract: A method and a device is described for controlling an internal combustion engine using fuel metering. The fuel metering is divisible into at least a first partial injection and a second partial injection. In the second partial injection, a fuel quantity variable, characterizing the fuel quantity injected in the second partial injection, is corrected on the basis of at least one pressure variable, characterizing the fuel pressure, as well as of the fuel quantity variable and at least one further variable.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device and a method for dividing up a total fuel amount, which is to be injected into the combustion chamber of a cylinder during a combustion cycle, into a plurality of injections. To this end, a first fuel amount, which is to be injected during a first injection is determined, a fourth, minimum fuel amount for a third injection is determined, and the total fuel amount minus the first fuel amount is compared to the fourth, minimum fuel amount. When the total fuel amount minus the first fuel amount is greater than or equal to the fourth, minimum fuel amount, the first fuel amount and a second fuel amount, which is to be injected into the combustion chamber of the cylinder during a second injection, are set to zero, and a third fuel amount, which is to be injected during a third injection, is set to the total fuel amount.

Abstract: A new method and a device are disclosed to determine physiologic parameters of a subject by analyzing it's breathing gas with an electrochemical sensor. The measured components of the breathing gas allow for many conclusions about the condition of the subjects's pulmonary system. It is therefore an objective of this invention to determine physiologic parameters from measuring the partial pressure of oxygen in the mainstream of the breathing gas. According to the invention the measurement can be performed non invasive and allows for conclusions about the respiratory and metabolic system of a subject. The invention makes a continuous measurement of the oxygen partial pressure possible, that almost shows no time delay. The invention allows for instance the determination of parameters like the oxygen concentration in the breathing gas, the oxygen consumption of the subject, the heart frequency, the respiratory quotient, the compliance of the pulmonary tract and other physiologic parameters.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electro-hydraulic brake system for motor vehicles which is controllable in a ‘brake-by-wire’ operating mode by the vehicle operator as well as independently of the vehicle operator, and which can be operated in a back-up operational mode where only operation by the vehicle operator is possible. The brake system includes an emergency pressure generator or master brake cylinder which has at least one pressure chamber and is operable by means of a brake pedal, and a hydraulic auxiliary pressure source whose pressure is used to act upon wheel brakes that are connectable to the master brake cylinder by way of at least one hydraulic connection closable by means of a separating valve, as well as an electronic control and regulating unit.

Abstract: A method and a device are described for controlling an internal combustion engine, particularly an internal combustion engine that has a common-rail system. At least one pump delivers fuel into an accumulator. A pressure in the accumulator is detected. A distinction is made between at least one first operating state and at least one second operating state based on at least one speed signal and/or one load signal. At least one first pressure-control device is used to adjust the pressure in the at least one first operating state. At least one second pressure-control device is used to control the pressure in the at least one second operating state.

Abstract: A device and a method for controlling an engine are described. On the basis of a first variable which characterizes the injection quantity and a second variable which characterizes the angular position at which the injection quantity is metered, a third variable which characterizes the torque supplied by the engine is determined. Furthermore, on the basis of a fourth variable which characterizes the driver's intent, a fifth variable which characterizes the torque desired by the driver is determined. The third variable and the fifth variable are analyzed for the purpose of fault monitoring.

Abstract: A method and a device are described for controlling an internal combustion engine. The fuel metering is divisible into at least a first partial injection and a second partial injection. In the second partial injection, a fuel quantity variable, characterizing the fuel quantity injected in the second partial injection, is corrected on the basis of at least one pressure variable, characterizing the fuel pressure, as well as of the fuel quantity variable and at least one further variable.

Abstract: A laser machining head for machining a workpiece by a laser beam. The head has a head housing through which the laser beam passes along a central axis. A carrier member for a lens optics system for focusing the laser beam is mounted on the head housing and is displaceable relative to the latter in the direction of the central axis. A first setting device includes a cable connected to the carrier member and a cable drum connected to the head housing for winding up the cable in order to move the carrier member towards the head housing. A second setting device causes the carrier member to be displaced in the direction away from the head housing, with the second setting device being separate from the first setting device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device and a method for dividing up a total fuel amount, which is to be injected into the combustion chamber of a cylinder during a combustion cycle, into a plurality of injections. To this end, a first fuel amount, which is to be injected during a first injection is determined, a fourth, minimum fuel amount for a third injection is determined, and the total fuel amount minus the first fuel amount is compared to the fourth, minimum fuel amount. When the total fuel amount minus the first fuel amount is greater than or equal to the fourth, minimum fuel amount, the first fuel amount and a second fuel amount, which is to be injected into the combustion chamber of the cylinder during a second injection, are set to zero, and a third fuel amount, which is to be injected during a third injection, is set to the total fuel amount.

Abstract: Compositions containing propentofylline, and methods for treating neuropathic pain with such compositions, are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a changing device for a lens holder of a connecting head for a laser machining tool. The lens holder includes a focusing optical system arranged therein. The changing device has at least one station including a holder for gripping and holding a lens holder and an actuator for engaging a fastener provided on the connecting head. The fastener fixes and/or releases the lens holder from the connecting head. Each station may further include structure for installing/removing a cutting nozzle, cleaning a cutting nozzle, and/or inspecting the optical system or cutting nozzle.

Abstract: The invention relates to multiple-container systems and to the use of same for optical assays. The invention relates in particular to a multiple-container system comprising a container wall matrix (1) with continuous cavities and one or more optically transparent base plates (2) joined to the container wall matrix.aid system is characterized in that the base plates are coated with a film (3) having functional groups suitable for the covalent immobilization of molecules. The film on the base plate is preferably a Langmuir-Blodgett film, and preferably a Langmuir-Blodgett film on cellulose basis. The invention further relates to multiple-container systems comprising a container wall matrix with continuos cavities and one or more optically transparent base plates joined to the wall matrix. Said systems are characterized in that the base plates are coated with a film derivatized with receptor molecules or molecules presenting low non-specific protein adsorption.

Abstract: A method for forming the seat in a pulsed sampling valve used in a FTICR MS. The valve has a ceramic ball that closes against the seat to thereby seal the passageway that is used for introduction of sample into the FTICR MS vacuum chamber. The material from which the seat is formed is chosen to withstand relatively high operating temperatures and a precise deburred hole is drilled in that material. The pre-load spring exerts a force against the ball when the valve is assembled. The force initially exceeds the yield strength of the seat material to deform the material to form the seat.

Abstract: A working head according to the invention for processing a workpiece by means of a laser beam includes a housing with an inlet opening and an outlet opening for the laser beam; a focusing optical system for focusing the laser beam at a point outside the housing at a spacing upstream of the outlet opening; and a measuring arrangement, surrounding the outlet opening, for measuring a spacing between it and the workpiece in the propagation direction of the laser beam, the laser beam traversing the focusing optical system and the outlet opening and measuring arrangement along beam axes which are at an angle to one another.

Abstract: A linear drive mechanism includes a cylindrical hollow housing within which a movable body is mounted for guided collinear movement by drive mechanism including a cable drum that is driven by a drive device having an output shaft, characterized by the provision of a slip clutch between the drive output shaft and the cable drum in order to avoid damage to the drive of the body in the event of a collision between the body and the workpiece in the direction of travel of the body. The drive mechanism may be used for the low-wear and play-free driving of, for example, the connecting head of a laser machining system for material processing.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for internal combustion engines in which a high pressure fuel reservoir is provided, from which fuel is supplied to injection valves in an electrically controlled manner. In order to reduce damage which occurs when there are leaks from the high pressure reservoir, the high pressure reservoir is enclosed by a sheath that can capture the emerging leakage fuel.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition which is a pharmaceutical combination preparation comprising a compound which has an acetylcholinesterase-inhibitory action or exhibits muscarinergic action and a compound which increases the endogenous extracellular adenosine level, wherein the combination preparation is suitable for the treatment of dementia. The invention further relates to a process for the production of the combination preparation. The invention additionally relates to a process for treating patients in need of suitable therapy with the combination preparation.