Abstract: A system for reducing sulfur dioxide to elemental sulfur in which a reactor vessel is divided into a plurality of compartments, and coal is fed from a single source into each of the compartments. A sulfur dioxide rich gas is distributed to each of the compartments and is contacted with the coal to form substantially pure sulfur.

Abstract: Continuous process for the gasification of particulate coal with steam wherein SO.sub.2 is present, preferably through introduction into the steam, thereby enabling the steam to react with the coal at considerably lower than conventional temperatures such as temperatures ranging upwards of 1200.degree. F, preferably 1400.degree. F.

Abstract: Continuous process for the selective removal of hydrogen sulfide from a mixture of hot coal gasification gases containing hydrogen sulfide by contacting such mixture in a reaction or desulfurizing zone at an elevated temperature with a nickel-containing material whereby the nickel reacts with the hydrogen sulfide to form solid compounds from which the nickel content can be regenerated by oxidation and recycled back to the reaction zone, thereby effectively removing hydrogen sulfide from the hot gas mixture.

Abstract: A multivane turbulator has been provided wherein at least two "V"-shaped members forming the vanes thereof are disposed with their vertices adjacent one another and twisted about each other such that the pitch of the twist is sufficient to render the turbulator self-supporting with symmetrically disposed vanes about a central axis.The method of forming the turbulators includes the steps of bending at least two strips of flat stock into "V"-shaped members and disposing one adjacent the other at their vertices and twisting same until the vanes are self-supporting.

Abstract: A multivane turbulator has been provided wherein at least two "V"-shaped members forming the vanes thereof are disposed with their vertices adjacent one another and twisted about each other such that the pitch of the twist is sufficient to render the turbulator self-supporting with symetrically disposed vanes about a central axis.The method of forming the turbulators includes the steps of bending at least two strips of flat stock into "V"-shaped members and disposing one adjacent the other at their vertices and twisting same until the vanes are self-supporting.