Abstract: A fuel injected internal combustion engine and a method of operating same, the engine having a fuel injection system wherein fuel is injected through a selectively openable injector nozzle directly into a combustion chamber of the engine by gas from a pressurized gas supply system. While the engine is being cranked during start-up of the engine, the injectory nozzle is opened to communicate said combustion chamber with the gas supply system. Gas compressed within the combustion chamber enters into the gas supply system to assist in rapidly establishing gas pressure for subsequent operation of the fuel injection system.

Abstract: A nozzle for the injection of liquid fuel by compressed gas which produces a generally circular first array of gas-entrained fuel droplets and a second array of gas-entrained fuel droplets within the first array. The preferred nozzle has an outwardly opening poppet valve with notches (65) on the perimetal edge of the valve head (48). The division of the fuel-gas charge into two arrays reduces penetration of the charge into the combustion chamber with beneficial effect on combustion efficiency and exhaust emissions. Also disclosed is an arrangement in which an un-notched poppet valve co-operates with a notched valve port to similarly obtain division of the fuel-gas charge into two arrays.

Abstract: Improvements in fuel injection nozzles for spark ignited internal combustion engines enabling a metered quantity of fuel entrained in a gas to be delivered into a combustion chamber to optimize the efficiency of operation of the engine. The fuel injection nozzle has a port (11) and a valve (15) movable relative to the port (11). Port (11) and the valve (15) have respective annular sealing faces (13) and (18) defining an annular frustoconical shaped throat (25) when the nozzle is open for the flow of metered fuel therethrough. The nozzle has a shroud (20) extending from the port (11) surrounding the periphery of the valve (15) when the nozzle is open and defining a delivery passage 27 downstream of the throat in the direction of fuel flow towards the combustion chamber. The delivery passage 27 is configured to be purged of fuel after each fuel delivery cycle to prevent carbon build-up in the nozzle.

Abstract: A fuel injection method and apparatus for in-cylinder injection in an internal combustion engine. Compressed air is used to inject the fuel through an injection nozzle (43) particularly shaped so that different fuel spray patterns are produced at high and low fueling rates. At higher rates of fueling corresponding to higher engine loads the fuel spray pattern is narrower and penetrates further into the cylinder volume whereas at lower rates of fueling corresponding to lower engine loads the fuel spray pattern is wider, less penetrating and relatively more confined. By appropriate selection of nozzle shape the spatial distribution of the fuel spray droplets can be made to vary favorably over a range of engine loads.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine particularly of two stroke cycle spark ignited engine, wherein a metered quantity of fuel is entrained in a gas, and the fuel and gas mixture so formed is delivered through a nozzle into the combustion chamber under conditions that will establish a fuel spray having a dispersion velocity in the direction of the spray axis of not more than 25 meters/sec at 35 millimeters of spray penetration from the nozzle when measured in still air atmospheric pressure, and preferably that dispersion velocity is not more than 18 meters/sec at 70 millimeters from the nozzle.