Abstract: A dual switch multimode array antenna capable of being switched between two modes through the use of two waveguide switches and a pair of phase shifters. The first mode produces a pencil beam with a monopulse capability and the two switches divide the transmit power equally between the four quadrants. A monopulse capability exists both in azimuth and elevation in this first mode. With the switches and phase shifters transitioned to the second position, illuminated power is directed to the two quadrants and the upper half of the antenna only. This produces the well known cosec.sup.2 .theta. cos.theta. beam in elevation. An azimuth monopulse capability is available in this mode.

Abstract: A multi-aperture array antenna provides a narrow beam width, low side lobe radiation pattern for an illuminating beam through the forward feed of a ladder-type feed structure. Alternatively, the rear feed of the ladder network is so electrically tapered as to provide three simultaneous low side lobe smaller apertures which can be independently directed via phase shifters to provide distinct received beams for interferometric phase comparison. A feed connected to one radiating element in each of the three apertures form a broad-beam pattern for side-lobe cancellation. A phase shifter is positioned adjacent to each radiation element to steer the beam and switch between antenna functions by precise control of the phase excitation to each port. The feed structure is connected in a ladder configuration forming a front feed and a rear feed.

Abstract: A forged steel male end valve provided with a new and improved body with a centering end ring adapted for butt welding as for instance with respect to a tank or pipe, said body being greatly enlarged in diameter, compared to the bore of the body, adjacent to the centering ring, and tapering gradually downwardly from a maximum to a minimum cross-sectional area intermediate the ends of the body. The valve body as a whole is greatly elongated to provide space for application of insulation. The valve body includes in addition to the enlarged end portion, a portion of generally uniform cross-section, extending from the gradually tapered portion, the uniform portion being preferably of equal or greater length than the downwardly tapered portion. Thereafter the outer diameter of the body may e.g. remain uniform for a short distance and then it slopes gradually downwardly to the portion of uniform diameter.

Abstract: An optical apparatus which provides a nonlinear characteristic between input and output amplitude levels is disclosed. A single frequency linearly polarized single mode light beam having amplitude variations that are to be acted upon is coupled to a Fabry-Perot interferometer (10) having two mirrored ends (11 and 12) and substantially filled with an electrooptic material (13) having electrodes (14 and 15). A beam splitter (21) is positioned and oriented so as to deflect optical energy that is reflected from the cavity into a photodetector circuit (22 and 23) whose output voltage is applied to the electrodes of the electrooptic material. Adjustment of the cavity length provides a wide range of nonlinear characteristics including some that permit the apparatus to be used as a bistable memory element and others which permit the device to be used as a clipper for all input power levels below a predetermined threshold level.

Abstract: A nonlinear interferometer apparatus is disclosed wherein a Fabry-Perot cavity is substantially filled with an electro-optic material having terminals to which a potential can be applied. A single frequency, single mode, linearly polarized source of optical radiation is coupled into the cavity and a beam splitter at the output of the cavity deflects a portion of the optical energy coming from the cavity. This deflected portion of output optical energy is incident on a photodetector whose output is amplified and connected to the terminals of the electro-optic material. The resulting device exhibits differential gain, and can function as an optical switch, limiter or optical memory element. With sufficient amplification of the detector output, an optical quantizer is provided.

Abstract: A modular microwave power combiner having a plurality of identical microwave diode amplifier circuits grouped in sets within the body of a modular unit which are electrically coupled in parallel to a central cavity sized to be resonant at a single frequency to minimize mismoding thereby enhancing combiner efficiency. A number of waveguides are provided for coupling of the microwave diode in each amplifier circuit to the resonant cavity, and the waveguides are situated on one side of a PC board at the top of each modular unit. Since each of the modular units is essentially identical in physical size and shape, the overall power output of the power combiner can be increased by merely adding additional modular units. The individual modular units are sized to fit top-to-bottom such that the respective resonant cavities are spaced apart by one-half wavelength (.lambda./2) for the parallel electrical coupling of all of the resonating cavities.

Abstract: A reciprocal latching ferrite phase shifter is fashioned from a single slab of ferrite material, such that the phase shifter comprises a monolithic ferrite structure, providing the overall functional characteristics of the phase shifter through an integrated combination of individual portions of the monolithic structure. The reciprocal function of the monolithic phase shifter assembly is provided through the use of dual non-reciprocal phase shifters connected in parallel, such that separate paths and selected phase shifts of zero to 360.degree. for linearly polarized transverse electric microwaves having operating frequencies in the range of two to 100 GHz, are provided for waves propagating in opposite directions.