Abstract: A fluid flow rate control device, especially adapted for controlling the flow of IV fluid to a patient, comprises a first vented fluid chamber having an upper fluid inlet end with a hollow spike which enables fluid connection with a conventional fluid container. A free floating float valve in the first chamber blocks the flow of fluid into the first chamber from the fluid container according to whether or not the fluid level in the first chamber is at a preestablished fluid level, thereby providing a constant pressure head regardless of fluid level in the fluid container. A lower end of the first chamber is connected, through a flow regulator, such as a screw-type valve, to an upper inlet end of a second, vented, drip chamber, the lower end of which is adapted for connection to a discharge tube, such as an IV tube.

Abstract: A fluid flow rate control device, especially adapted for controlling the flow of IV fluid to a patient, comprises a first vented fluid chamber having an upper fluid inlet end with a hollow spike which enables fluid connection with a conventional fluid container. A free floating float valve in the first chamber blocks the flow of fluid into the first chamber from the fluid container according to whether or not the fluid level in the first chamber is at a preestablished fluid level, thereby providing a constant pressure head regardless of fluid level in the fluid container. A lower end of the first chamber is connected, through a flow regulator, such as a screw-type valve, to an upper inlet end of a second, vented, drip chamber, the lower end of which is adapted for connection to a discharge tube, such as an IV tube.

Abstract: A portable measuring device for measuring electromagnetic radiation reflection. The device has a holder, a transceiver, and a display. The transceiver is movably mounted to the holder. The holder can be moved to several locations on a member being tested. The transceiver is moved up and down on the holder through the peaks and valleys of the reflected electromagnetic wave, in and out of phase, passing through and detecting the maximum reflected energy point. A system can be provided that uses the measurement at a predetermined frequency in comparing the measured property to a characteristic curve of the property for the material of the member being tested. The system can be used to plot a three-dimensional graph of surface reflection of the electromagnetic energy.

Abstract: A system for measuring the electromagnetic properties of a member without physically contacting the member. The system includes an electromagnetic energy transceiver having a transmitting and receiving antenna. The antenna is positioned in close proximity but spaced from to the member being tested. Electromagnetic energy, such as microwave energy, is transmitted by the transceiver at the member being tested. Electromagnetic energy that has been reflected by the member back to the antenna is received at the antenna. The transceiver generates an output that is proportional to the reflected electromagnetic energy and, thus, is proportional to the non-reflected electromagnetic energy absorbed by the member being tested. The output signal can thus be used to indicate resistivity of the member to electrical transmission or other electromagnetic properties such as magnetic susceptibility.

Abstract: A system and method is provided for measuring the electrical resistivity of a member without physically contacting the member. The system includes an electromagnetic energy transceiver having a transmitting and receiving antenna. The antenna is positioned in close proximity to the member being tested. Electromagnetic energy, such as microwave energy, is transmitted by the transceiver at the member being tested. Reflected electromagnetic energy is received at the antenna that has been reflected by the member hack to the antenna. The transceiver then generates an output that is proportional to the reflected electromagnetic energy and, thus, is proportional to the non-reflected electromagnetic energy absorbed by the member being tested. The output signal can thus be used to indicate resistivity of the member to electrical transmission.

Abstract: A gravity assisted open system for coating porous refractory substrates with a highly uniform layer of graphite or other material. Pyrolytic dissociation of downwardly flowing precursor gases in an inert atmosphere, countercurrent to an upward direction of transport of the porous refractory substrate, promotes infiltration of dissociated species of the precursor gases into pores and cavities of the porous refractory substrate. The infiltrated species collide with and condense on the surfaces of the pores and cavities of the upwardly moving porous refractory substrate to form a homogenous coating having particular electrical, mechanical, and optical properties. The open configuration of the system allows coating of specimens of porous refractory substrate material at substantially atmospheric pressure, which reduces startup and shutdown transient conditions which affect the uniformity of the coating and its properties, and which provides for coating porous refractory substrates at production rates.

Abstract: The disclosed invention employs a gravity assisted open system for coating of refractory substrates with a highly uniform layer of graphite or other material. Pyrolytic dissociation of precursor gases in an inert atmosphere flowing downwardly, countercurrent to the upward direction of transport of the substrate material, promotes condensation of the coating material on the moving substrate in a homogenous coating. The open configuration of the system allows continuous feed and takeup of substrate material to reduce startup and shutdown transient conditions affecting uniformity of the coating.

Abstract: A board game has sixteen playing pieces, arranged on a playing surface, in four rows and four columns. Each playing piece has a mark which is made visible by selectively orientating the piece. Players take turns orientating pieces. A point is scored each time four marks are arranged in a pattern corresponding to four of the numbers in Durer's magic square whose total is 34. The players can also rearrange the pieces by interchanging entire rows or columns in a manner which would not alter the corresponding property of Durer's square wherein corresponding rearrangements of Durer's numbers would still result in a sum of 34. A scoring sheet, indicating scoring patterns, can be used to keep score.

Abstract: A fluid containing system, as in a filter, for toxic or hazardous fluids is provided with rotatable base seals that can be alternatively positioned to permit the flow of fluids from the filter supply line, passing through the filter or, alternatively, the filter supply line can be sealed shut to prevent fluid leakage when the filter is removed. A third filter seal position is provided, wherein a cleaning fluid, for example compressed air, can be supplied to the filter in order to remove excess fluid from the filter prior to removal. An alternative embodiment permits removal of the filter and sealing of the supply line by rotating the filter and seal assembly about the supply line access to save space or to facilitate changing the filter. The fluid containing system can also function as a fluid sampler, or to add materials to the fluid system.

Abstract: In a tubular toy puzzle, the object is to manipulate indicia on rotatable rings to achieve a desired arrangement of the indicia. Manipulation occurs by rotating a drive mechanism connected with a combination of the rings. Axial repositioning of a drive shaft in the drive mechanism changes the combination of rings which can be manipulated.

Abstract: A breathing regulator includes a pressure-responsive piston which acts directly on a valve seat to open a pressurized gas pilot valve during inhalation. The same piston provides an outlet for exhalation. The piston is moved to open the pilot valve by inhalation suction. A one-way valve automatically blocks the exhalation path during inhalation. The outlet for the pressurized gas provides an injector nozzle effect to reduce the effort required to actuate the valve during inhalation. The preferred embodiment of the invention incorporates the regulator in a resuscitator or respirator for medical applications. In this embodiment, a mechanism is included for controlling the amount of inhalation back pressure in the patient's air passages which will close the pressurized gas valve and open the exhaust passage in the regulator. This mechanism includes an adjustable spring-loaded pressure plate on the external side of the piston.

Abstract: A buoyancy control valve connected to a source of gas under pressure and to the buoyancy control vest of a scuba diver permits, through the manipulation of a pair of actuators, the use of the energy within the compressed air to forcibly exhaust air from the scuba diver's vest to effect a rapid deflation of the vest. In addition, the same valve permits application of the pressurized air to the vest for inflating the vest and also permits deflation of the vest using pressure differentials without forced assistance from the pressurized air source. Included within the same valve is a pressure differential responsive relief valve which opens in response to excessive pressure within the diver's vest to prevent overinflation of pressurized air to a breathing mask and a forcible exhausting of air from the same breathing mask through the manipulation of a pair of actuators so that an unconscious person or animal may be alternately forced to inhale and exhale for resuscitation.

Abstract: A knitting machine capable of forming filaments of yarn, thread, and the like into a loop-in-loop arrangement includes a plurality of rotary needles which are axially spaced for rotation about a common axis and have at least two circumferentially spaced hook portions. As a needle is rotated, a hook captures a segment of filament being fed to the vicinity of the needle and pulls it into a loop. Upon further rotation, the circumferentially adjacent hook captures another segment of filament and pulls it into a loop through the previously formed loop which is still carried by the needle. As the needle continues to rotate, the first formed loop is cast off the needle by slipping out of the hook in which it is captured and this hook captures another segment of filament to start another cycle.