Abstract: A light source(10) includes a bulb (14) having a pair of outer leads (16,17) extending therefrom in parallel and sealed directly in the glass stem (22), whereby the outer leads (16,17) and the input leads in the glass stem (22) are the same. A protective shroud (30) surrounding the light source (10) may be supported by a metal member (40) welded to one of the leads between the stem (22) and the light source (10). The metal member carries a strap (43) seated in a circumferential constriction (36) of the shroud (30), which may be a commercially available glass vial. In another embodiment, horseshoe-shaped members (18,19) having mutually opposed concavities are welded to respective leads (16,17) and a shroud (30) is locally heated to form a circumferential constriction (36) which shrinks into the concavities, thereby supporting the shroud internally. Alternatively, the shroud can be shrunk directly against the pinch (15) so that it converges toward the open end (35) where it engages leads (16,17).

Abstract: This invention provides an improved compact fine wire incandescent lamp coiled-coil filament and method for making the same. The filament has a secondary mandrel ratio in the range of about 3.0 and a primary mandrel ratio which is less than or equal to the secondary mandrel ratio. The length between supports is kept less than or equal to 20 times the secondary diameter. The improved filament design exhibits an increase in compactness and retains or increases structural rigidity while exhibiting minimal sag when the filament is incorporated into an incandescent lamp of the tungsten halogen type variety. The compact coiling method is particulalry useful in designing compact filaments for high voltage applications where it is desirable to eliminate the use of rectifying means to lower the effective voltage across the filament.

Abstract: This invention provides for an improved reflector-type lamp having reduced focus loss and exhibiting an increase in reflector collection efficiency. Stray light from the lamp's light source is reduced and channeled into the central angular region of the reflector where it can be more easily controlled and increase the in candle power of the lamp. A shorter, more compact filament design, wound with larger mandrel ratios, is positioned within the reflector to evenly disperse the light energy throughout the central angular region.

Abstract: This invention provides an improved compact fine wire incandescent lamp filament and method for making such having a primary mandrel ratio in the range of about 1.40 to about 4.00 and a secondary mandrel ratio which is greater than or equal to the primary mandrel ratio. The improved filament design exhibits an increase in compactness and retains or increases structural rigidity while exhibiting minimal sag when the filament is incorporated into an incandescent lamp of the tungsten halogen type variety. The compact coiling method is particularly useful in designing compact filaments for high voltage applications where it is desirable to eliminate the use of rectifying means to lower the effective voltage across the filament.