Abstract: An aqueous composition comprising a blend of surfactants including (a) a mixture of C6 alkyl glucoside, propylheptanol, and ethoxylate, (b) sorbitan monooleate, (c) polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, (d) trietanolamine, and (e) sodium ether sulfate.

Abstract: A sealed storage vessel containing volatile organic vapor over a bottom sludge layer is cleaned by (a) determining the level of free oil in the vessel and then using (b) either a two-stage or one-stage treatment regime, adding a cleaning agent thereto. If the free oil is greater than 2 volume percent the two-stage regime is used where an oil release agent is initially mixed with the sludge to separate the oil from solids in the sludge. The separated oil floats on the surface of water and is removed without substantially exposing the vessel's interior to the atmosphere, leaving within the vessel a mixture of water, solids, and trace amounts of hydrocarbons. Next, a predetermined amount of an emulsifying agent is added to substantially emulsify the trace hydrocarbons, so the level of volatile organic compounds remaining in the interior of the vessel is no greater than 5,000 ppmv, measured as methane, at least one hour after adding the emulsifying agent.

Abstract: A sealed storage vessel containing volatile organic vapor over a bottom sludge layer is cleaned by (a) determining the level of free oil in the vessel and then using (b) either a two-stage or one-stage treatment regime, adding a cleaning agent thereto. If the free oil is greater than 2 volume percent the two-stage regime is used where an oil release agent is initially mixed with the sludge to separate the oil from solids in the sludge. The separated oil floats on the surface of water and is removed without substantially exposing the vessel's interior to the atmosphere, leaving within the vessel a mixture of water, solids, and trace amounts of hydrocarbons. Next, a predetermined amount of an emulsifying agent is added to substantially emulsify the trace hydrocarbons, so the level of volatile organic compounds remaining in the interior of the vessel is no greater than 5,000 ppmv, measured as methane, at least one hour after adding the emulsifying agent.

Abstract: 4-alkyl-1,4-dihydropyridines with activity antagonistic of the PAF-"acether" of formula (I) are described, in which R is a saturated alkyl chain C1-2; R' is a saturated or unsaturated C1-16 lineal, branched or cyclic chain that can be interrupted by an oxygen atom and can also represent a 2-(N-morpholine) ethyl group; n is 2 or 3, X is oxygen, sulphur or SO2; Ar represents an aromatic ring that cannot be phenyl when X=S and n=2. The compounds (I) can be prepared (a) by reaction of (II) with (III) and with (IV); or (b) by reacting (V) with (VI) and (IV); or (c) by reaction of (VII) with (VI). In these formulas the different radicals have the meaning given above.

Abstract: 4-alkyl-1,4-dihyropyridines, with PAF-antagonist activity, of formula (I) wherein R is saturated C.sub.1 -C.sub.4, R' is saturated C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl which may be interrupted by an oxygen atom, or 2-tetrahydrofurfuryl and R.sup.2 is saturated C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 or phenyl, the compound wherein R is methyl, R' is ethyl and R.sup.2 is phenyl remain excluded, are described.The compounds (I) are prepared by: (a) reaction of (II) with (III); (b) reaction of (IV) with (V); (c) reaction of (VI) with (III) and with (VII); (d) reaction of (VIII) with (V) and with (VII); or (e) reaction of (VIII) with (VI) and with (VII) in the presence of ammonia. The compounds (I) are useful due to their antagonist activity of the platelet activating factor.

Abstract: The present invention refers to new 1,4-dihydropyridines, to their obtention processes and to their use as antithrombotic drugs. Said new 1,4-dihdyropyridines have the following general formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R represents hydrogen or a saturated or unsaturated alkyl group, with a linear or branched chain of 1 to 8 carbon atoms,R.sup.1 represents an alkyl radical with a linear, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated chain of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, which may be interrupted by an oxygen or by a 2-(N-salicylamido)ethyl group,n is a number equal to 1 or 2.These new 1,4-dihydropyridines are obtained by processes based on the Hantzch reaction or on modifications thereof.