Abstract: A biosensing element for sensing a target analyte includes a case and a sensing unit. The case has a rod portion and a taper portion, wherein the rod portion is connected to the taper portion. The sensing unit is covered by the case and has a sensing portion exposed from one end of the case by the taper portion. The sensing unit includes a conductor and a reactive material. The conductor has a surface and the reactive material is connected to the surface of the conductor.

Abstract: The present disclosure is related to a device for controlling thermal convection velocity of a biochemical reaction. The thermal convection velocity controlling device includes a base body for disposing a tube which is movable, wherein the tube is filled with a buffer of the biochemical reaction; a heating source located at a bottom of the tube or at a side of the tube to heat the buffer; and a flow rate adjusting apparatus for controlling a thermal convection flow direction of the buffer in the tube, whereby the flow rate adjusting apparatus changes a flow velocity and a flow time of the buffer. The present disclosure is also related to a method for controlling thermal convection velocity of a biochemical reaction using the device.

Abstract: A method for steadying a thermal convection flow field in a PCR reaction solution during a thermal convective polymerase chain reaction (PCR) includes steps as follows. A PCR tube is provided. A PCR reaction solution is filled in the PCR tube. A bottom of the PCR tube is heated so that a thermal convection is induced. And the PCR to be is tilted at a tilt angle relative to a vertical line over a ground for causing a single-loop flow in the thermal convection flow field in the PCR reaction solution, whereby a denaturation an annealing reaction and an extension reaction occur sequentially and repeatedly in different temperature regions of the PCR reaction solution.

Abstract: A reaction tube for performing isothermal polymerase chain reaction therein is provided and includes an upper section, a lower capillary section, a linkage connecting the upper section and the lower capillary section, and a thermal conductor. The lower capillary section has an annealing portion, an annular heating groove, and a close end. The annealing portion is connected with the linkage, and the annular heating groove is connected with the annealing portion. The close end is connected with the annular heating groove. The thermal conductor tightly embraces the annular heating groove of the lower capillary section for conducting heat. Accordingly, a heat generated from the heating source will conduct to the annular heating groove of the lower capillary section of the reaction tube, a temperature gradient along the reaction tube is then provided in order to perform a thermal convection, thereby performing the isothermal polymerase chain reaction in the reaction tube.

Abstract: The present disclosure is related to a device for controlling thermal convection velocity of a biochemical reaction. The thermal convection velocity controlling device includes a base body for disposing a tube which is movable, wherein the tube is filled with a buffer of the biochemical reaction; a heating source located at a bottom of the tube or at a side of the tube to heat the buffer; and a flow rate adjusting apparatus for controlling a thermal convection flow direction of the buffer in the tube, whereby the flow rate adjusting apparatus changes a flow velocity and a flow time of the buffer. The present disclosure is also related to a method for controlling thermal convection velocity of a biochemical reaction using the device.

Abstract: A method for fluorescence detection is provided and includes mixing a fluorescence detecting reagent into a sample, placing the sample into a sample tray, where the sample tray includes at least a row of blank slots and at least a row of sampling slots. Then, exposing the sample tray to a background light, and obtaining a grayscale background image of the sample tray.

Abstract: An apparatus for holding a test tube in which insulated isothermal polymerase chain reaction is performed includes a heat sink and a tube rack. The heat sink has a main body with a through hole for insertion of the test tube. The through hole has a relatively big diameter section and a relatively small diameter section located below the relatively big diameter section. The tube rack is mounted on the heat sink for insertion of the test tube. The apparatus can ensure that the temperature at the liquid level of the reaction mixture is lower than the temperature suitable for conducting the primer annealing step in the polymerase chain reaction process.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating fluorescence comprises a blue LED emitting a light beam, a filter and a fluorescent material. The filter is arranged in front of the light beam emitted by the blue LED, receives the light beam, and converts the light beam into a filtered light beam having wavelengths of 465-505 nm. The fluorescent material is arranged in one side of the filter, which is opposite to the blue LED, to receive the filtered light beam. The fluorescent material is excited by the filtered light beam to emit fluorescence. The filter is applied to control the wavelength and spectral range of the filtered light beam to achieve the best fluorescence exciting efficiency and prevent from the overlap of the wavelength ranges of the filtered light beam and the fluorescence.

Abstract: An apparatus for holding a test tube in which insulated isothermal polymerase chain reaction is performed includes a heat insulating mount and a heating member. The heat insulating mount has a main body provided with a receiving space for receiving a bottom of the test tube, a lateral channel communicated between the receiving space and an ambient environment, and an upper channel communicated between the receiving space and the ambient environment for insertion of the test tube. The heating member is inserted into the lateral channel for stopping at the bottom of the test tube. The apparatus can minimize the influence caused by the high temperature generated from the heat source on the heat dissipation of the reaction mixture in middle and upper sections of the test tube. The apparatus is suitable for the fluorescent detection of PCR reaction.

Abstract: A capillary for apparatus of insulated isothermal polymerase chain reaction is mounted onto a test tube holder. The capillary includes a tube which has an elongated tubular housing space that is cut to form an axial cross section with a distance between left and right edges greater than the distance between front and rear edges. When reactants are filled in the elongated tubular housing space and heated to generate convection, the left and right edges of the axial cross section form a narrower passage to reduce flowing speed of heat flow in the convection and increase cycling duration of the convection. Hence reaction duration of the reactants is prolonged, and reaction efficiency of the apparatus of insulated isothermal polymerase chain reaction also is increased.

Abstract: A method for reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction comprises steps: preparing a capillary, and adding a reverse transcription enzyme into the capillary; and performing a lyophilization process on the RT enzyme contained by the capillary to fabricate the RT enzyme into a lyophilized RT reagent in the capillary. Therefore, a buffer solution, an RNA sample, a polymerase and a primer solution can be added into the capillary to re-dissolve the lyophilized RT reagent and enable a reverse transcription reaction and a polymerase chain reaction of the RNA sample to directly take place inside the capillary, so as to promote convenience and efficiency of experiment.

Abstract: An apparatus for holding a test tube in which insulated isothermal polymerase chain reaction is performed includes a heat sink and a tube rack. The heat sink has a main body with a through hole for insertion of the test tube. The through hole has a relatively big diameter section and a relatively small diameter section located below the relatively big diameter section. The tube rack is mounted on the heat sink for insertion of the test tube. The apparatus can ensure that the temperature at the liquid level of the reaction mixture is lower than the temperature suitable for conducting the primer annealing step in the polymerase chain reaction process.

Abstract: An apparatus for holding a test tube in which insulated isothermal polymerase chain reaction is performed includes a heat insulating mount and a heating member. The heat insulating mount has a main body provided with a receiving space for receiving a bottom of the test tube, a lateral channel communicated between the receiving space and an ambient environment, and an upper channel communicated between the receiving space and the ambient environment for insertion of the test tube. The heating member is inserted into the lateral channel for stopping at the bottom of the test tube. The apparatus can minimize the influence caused by the high temperature generated from the heat source on the heat dissipation of the reaction mixture in middle and upper sections of the test tube. The apparatus is suitable for the fluorescent detection of PCR reaction.

Abstract: A container for nucleic acid amplification reaction is disclosed. The container includes a capillary and a conductor. The conductor tightly surrounds the capillary for heating the capillary evenly.