Abstract: A method of and an apparatus for operating a circulating fluidized bed reactor having a furnace with a discharge port for exhaust gas, and a particle separator having an inlet connected to the exhaust gas discharge port and an outlet duct for the exhaust gas and a return duct for separated solids. The method includes the steps of arranging a bypass duct bypassing the particle separator, and conducting a partial flow of exhaust gas along the duct for increasing the fly ash content in the exhaust gas after the separator. The bypass duct is advantageously provided with means for controlling the flow of exhaust gas in the bypass duct.

Abstract: A vertical polygonal heat exchange chamber includes an upper opening, a lower opening, and an enclosure formed between the upper and lower openings. The enclosure includes at least one tapered portion that narrows in a direction toward one of the openings. The tapered portion is lined with N first water tube panels arranged adjacent to and alternately with N second water tube panels, where N is an integer greater than two. Each of the first and second water tube panels is angled inwardly from the widest part of the tapered portion toward the interior of the enclosure, with each of the first water tube panels being angled inwardly to a greater degree than each of the second water tube panels.

Abstract: A vertical polygonal heat exchange chamber includes an upper opening, a lower opening, and an enclosure formed between the upper and lower openings. The enclosure includes at least one tapered portion that narrows in a direction toward one of the openings. The tapered portion is lined with N first water tube panels arranged adjacent to and alternately with N second water tube panels, where N is an integer greater than two. Each of the first and second water tube panels is angled inwardly from the widest part of the tapered portion toward the interior of the enclosure, with each of the first water tube panels being angled inwardly to a greater degree than each of the second water tube panels.

Abstract: A circulating fluidized bed boiler comprises a fluidized bed combustion chamber, a recirculating system for recirculating fluidized solids through the combustion chamber, and a plurality of tubes for withstanding supercritical pressure are disposed around the walls of the combustion chamber for circulating cooling fluid between an inlet header at the bottom of the chamber and an outlet chamber at the top of the combustion chamber. A water steam separator directs steam to a superheater and is bypassed during normal operation.

Abstract: A power plant having a fluidized bed steam boiler for supplying steam for powering a turbine generator comprises low pressure and high pressure feed water heaters, and combustion air heater is provided with a gas turbine for burning sulfur containing fuels, with heat recovery economizers for reducing the exhaust temperature of the gas turbine and directing the exhaust gas from the gas turbine into the fluidized bed for reducing the emissions therein.

Abstract: A combined cycle power generation system is disclosed. The system includes a fluidized bed boiler, a hot separator, a steam turbine system and a gas turbine system. The gas turbine system is provided with a source of high temperature compressed air heated in three stages by a recuperator connected to an output of the gas turbine, an external bed heater connected to the hot separator, and a gas turbine combustor fueled by natural gas and/or coal gas provided by a gasification process.

Abstract: A power plant having multiple steam boilers for supplying steam for processing and for powering a turbine generator comprises a steam turbine having first and second stages, a steam powered processing unit, a plurality of steam boilers, each having a primary steam generator and a reheater, a system of steam lines for conducting primary steam from the steam boilers to said turbine, and to the process unit, return lines for returning cold steam from the first stage of the turbine to the reheaters for reheating, and lines for conducting reheated steam from the reheaters to the second stage of the turbine; and isolating valves in the lines with pressure relief valves on each side of the isolating valves for selectively isolating each of the boilers from the turbine and conducting primary steam through the reheaters of the boiler and to the processing unit.

Abstract: A steam generator having a fluidized bed combustion system that includes a fluidized bed combustor and at least one hot separator, includes a superheater and a reheater with at least first and second or final stages disposed in a flue gas pass with the superheater upstream of the final stage reheater has a cold steam bypass system for controlling the temperature of the second or final stage reheater by dividing reheat steam into selective first and second portions and directing the first portion to the first stage reheater and recombining said first and second portions and directing them through the second or final stage reheater.

Abstract: A steam generator having a fluidized bed combustion system that includes a fluidized bed combustor and at least one hot separator, includes a superheater and a reheater with at least first and second or final (possibly more) stages disposed in a flue gas pass has a cold steam bypass system for controlling the temperature of the second or final stage reheater by dividing reheat steam into selective first and second portions and directing the first portion to the first stage reheater and recombining said first and second portions and directing them through the second or final stage reheater.