Abstract: An immunogenic conjugate which is the reductive amination product of an immunogenic capsular polymer fragment having at least one reducing group and derived from a bacterial capsular polymer of a bacterial pathogen, and a bacterial toxin or toxoid. The invention also relates to methods for the preparation of the conjugates, a vaccine containing the conjugates which elicits effective levels of anti-capsular polymer antibodies in humans. Also disclosed are methods for inducing active immunization against systemic infection in young mammals caused by bacterial pathogens comprising the administration of an immunogenic amount of the above-described conjugate. In a preferred embodiment, the capsular polymer fragment prior to conjugation has at least one aldehyde group at each end of the fragment. The final conjugate made with such capsular polymers has a lattice or network structure, and provides extremely high levels of anti-capsular polymer antibodies in infants.

Abstract: An immunogenic conjugate which is the reductive amination product of an immunogenic capsular polymer fragment having at least one reducing group and derived from a bacterial capsular polymer of a bacterial pathogen, and a bacterial toxin or toxoid. The invention also relates to methods for the preparation of the conjugates, a vaccine containing the conjugates which elicits effective levels of anti-capsular polymer antibodies in humans. Also disclosed are methods for inducing active immunization against systemic infection in young mammals caused by bacterial pathogens comprising the administration of an immunogenic amount of the abovedescribed conjugate. In a preferred embodiment, the capsular polymer fragment prior to conjugation has at least one aldehyde group at each end of the fragment. The final conjugate made with such capsular polymers has a lattice or network structure, and provides extremely high levels of anti-capsular polymer antibodies in infants.

Abstract: An immunogenic conjugate which is the reductive amination product of an immunogenic capsular polymer fragment having at least one reducing group and derived from a bacterial capsular polymer of a bacterial pathogen, and a bacterial toxin or toxoid. The invention also relates to methods for the preparation of the conjugates, a vaccine containing the conjugates which elicits effective levels of anti-capsular polymer antibodies in humans. Also disclosed are methods for inducing active immunization against systemic infection in young mammals caused by bacterial pathogens comprising the administration of an immunogenic amount of the above-described conjugate. In a preferred embodiment, the capsular polymer fragment prior to conjugation has at least one aldehyde group at each end of the fragment. The final conjugate made with such capsular polymers has a lattice or network structure, and provides extremely high levels of anti-capsular polymer antibodies in infants.

Abstract: A conjugate, which is the reductive amination product of an immunogenic capsular polymer fragment, having a reducing end and derived from the capsular polymer of a bacterial pathogen, and the non-toxic polypeptide binding subunit of the heat-labile enterotoxin of Escherichia coli (LT-BNT). Also disclosed, are methods for the preparation of the conjugates and for the preparation of vaccines containing the conjugates which elicits an effective level of antibodies in humans. By administering an immunogenic amount of the conjugates, active immunization against systematic infection in young mammals caused by bacterial pathogens can be induced.

Abstract: This invention relates to immunogenic conjugates of capsular polymers or polymer fragments from bacterial pathogens and bacterial toxins, toxoids or subunits. The invention also relates to methods for the preparation of the conjugates and a vaccine containing the conjugates which elicits effective levels of anti-capsular polymer antibodies in human infants. Also disclosed are methods for inducing active immunization against systemic infection in human infants caused by bacterial pathogens, by administering an effective amount of the above-described conjugate, followed by the capsular polymer fragments alone.

Abstract: An immunogenic conjugate which is the reductive amination product of an immunogenic capsular polymer fragment having a reducing end and derived from a bacterial capsular polymer of a bacterial pathogen, and a bacterial toxin or toxoid. The invention also relates to methods for the preparation of the conjugates, a vaccine containing the conjugates which elicits effective levels of anti-capsular polymer antibodies in humans. Also disclosed are methods for inducing active immunization against systemic infection in young mammals caused by bacterial pathogens comprising the administration of an immunogenic amount of the above-described conjugate.

Abstract: An immunogenic conjugate which is the reductive amination product of an immunogenic capsular polymer fragment having a reducing end and derived from a bacterial capsular polymer of a bacterial pathogen, and a bacterial toxin or toxoid. The invention also relates to methods for the preparation of the conjugates, a vaccine containing the conjugates which elicits effective levels of anti-capsular polymer antibodies in humans. Also disclosed are methods for inducing active immunization against systemic infection in young mammals caused by bacterial pathogens comprising the administration of an immunogenic amount of the above-described conjugate.

Abstract: Blood samples are obtained from the tails of animals such as mice or rats by a disposable tube located in a stopper and disposed in a vacuum flask. The tube is of such length that the tail extends into a receptacle at the end of the tube in which the samples are collected. Vacuum is communicated into the interior of the tube via a hole therein and promotes the flow of blood from the tail. The posterior of the animal makes a vacuum tight seal with the top of the tube on which the animal is seated. The tube is disposable after a single use.