Abstract: Some embodiments provide a method of identifying packet latency in a software defined datacenter (SDDC) that includes a network, several host computers executing several machines, and a set of one or more controllers. At the set of controllers, the method o receives, from a set of host computers, (i) a first set of time values associated with multiple packet processing operations performed on packets sent by a set of machines executing on the set of host computers and (ii) a second set of time values associated with packet transmission between host computers through the SDDC network. The method processes the first and second sets of time values to identify a set of latencies experienced by multiple packets processed and transmitted in the SDDC.

Abstract: Some embodiments provide a method of identifying packet latency in a software defined datacenter (SDDC) that includes a network and multiple host computers executing multiple machines. At a first host computer, the method identifies and stores (i) multiple time values associated with several packet processing operations performed on a particular packet sent by a first machine executing on the first host computer, and (ii) a time value associated with packet transmission through the SDDC network from the first host computer to a second host computer that is a destination of the particular packet. The method provides the stored time values to a set of one or more controllers to process to identify multiple latencies experienced by multiple packets processed in the SDDC.

Abstract: Example methods and systems are provided for simulation-based cross-cloud connectivity checks. One example method may include injecting a connectivity check packet in a first cloud environment, and obtaining first report information associated with a first stage of forwarding the connectivity check packet from one or more first observation points in the first cloud environment. The method may also comprise: based on configuration information associated with one or more second observation points in the second cloud environment, simulating a second stage of forwarding the connectivity check packet towards a second virtualized computing instance via the one or more second observation points. The method may further comprise: generating second report information associated with the simulated second stage to identify a connectivity status between a first virtualized computing instance and the second virtualized computing instance based on the first report information and the second report information.

Abstract: Example methods and systems are provided for simulation-based cross-cloud connectivity checks. One example method may include injecting a connectivity check packet in a first cloud environment, and obtaining first report information associated with a first stage of forwarding the connectivity check packet from one or more first observation points in the first cloud environment. The method may also comprise: based on configuration information associated with one or more second observation points in the second cloud environment, simulating a second stage of forwarding the connectivity check packet towards a second virtualized computing instance via the one or more second observation points. The method may further comprise: generating second report information associated with the simulated second stage to identify a connectivity status between a first virtualized computing instance and the second virtualized computing instance based on the first report information and the second report information.

Abstract: Provided are compositions and methods for use in selectively killing one or more of C. perfringens, C. sordelli and C. histolyticum. The compositions include lysin PlyCP025, as well as catalytically active fragments thereof, and variants thereof that retain killing activity. Methods for reducing one or more of C. perfringens, C. sordelli or C. histolyticum bacteria are provide and involve contacting such bacteria with a composition that contains PlyCP025 or an enzymatically active fragment or variant thereof, which can be provided as recombinant polypeptides. The composition and methods are useful for human and veterinary purposes. Diagnostic approaches are also included by contacting a sample obtained or derived from an animal, with a recombinant polypeptide, and detecting binding of the polypeptide to bacteria in the sample if said bacteria that are bound to the polypeptide are present in the sample. The polypeptide may thus be detectably labeled to produce a detectable signal.

Abstract: Example methods are provided for a network management entity to perform network configuration failure diagnosis in a software-defined networking (SDN) environment. The method may comprise receiving a request to diagnose a network configuration failure; and generating and sending control information to a host to cause the host to inject, at a first network element, a diagnostic packet for transmission along a datapath to a configuration server via multiple second network elements. The diagnostic packet may be configured according to a network configuration protocol supported by the configuration server. The method may also comprise: receiving report information associated with the diagnostic packet from at least one of the following: the first network element, the multiple second network elements and the configuration server; and based on the report information, determining a diagnosis result associated with the network configuration failure.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, for powering AC and DC loads in the event of a power failure. In one aspect, a system includes one or more DC loads that are powered by DC power, one or more AC loads that are powered by AC power, and an uninterruptible power supply (UPS). The UPS includes AC terminals connected to an AC power source and to the one or more AC loads to power the AC loads, DC terminals connected to a backup battery and to the one or more DC loads to power the DC loads a bidirectional AC/DC converter connected between the AC terminals and the DC terminals, and a controller that selectively switches the bidirectional AC/DC converter to the first mode when the AC power source is available and to the second mode when the AC power source is not available.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, for powering AC and DC loads in the event of a power failure. In one aspect, a system includes one or more DC loads that are powered by DC power, one or more AC loads that are powered by AC power, and an uninterruptible power supply (UPS). The UPS includes AC terminals connected to an AC power source and to the one or more AC loads to power the AC loads, DC terminals connected to a backup battery and to the one or more DC loads to power the DC loads a bidirectional AC/DC converter connected between the AC terminals and the DC terminals, and a controller that selectively switches the bidirectional AC/DC converter to the first mode when the AC power source is available and to the second mode when the AC power source is not available.

Abstract: Example methods are provided for a network management entity to perform query failure diagnosis in a software-defined networking (SDN) environment. The method may comprise receiving a request to diagnose a query failure; and generating and sending control information to a host to cause the host to inject, at a first network element, a diagnostic packet for transmission along a datapath to a query failure via multiple second network elements. The diagnostic packet may be a query configured according to a query protocol supported by the query server. The method may also comprise: receiving report information associated with the diagnostic packet from at least one of the following: the first network element, the multiple second network elements and the query failure; and based on the report information, determining a diagnosis result associated with the query failure.

Abstract: Example methods and systems for a network management entity to perform configuration change monitoring. One example method may comprise receiving a request to monitor a datapath to which a configuration change is applicable. The datapath may include multiple network elements. The method may also comprise instructing the first host to inject, at a first network element, one or more trace packets for transmission along the datapath to a second network element. The method may further comprise: obtaining state information associated with the configuration change, and detecting that an operating condition associated with the datapath is affected by the configuration change based on the state information.

Abstract: Example methods and systems are provided for cross-cloud connectivity checks. One example method may include detecting a first connectivity check packet that is addressed from a first virtualized computing instance deployed in a first cloud environment; and determining that the first connectivity check packet is destined for a second virtualized computing instance in a second cloud environment reachable via the network device. The method may also comprise: generating a second connectivity check packet by modifying the first connectivity check packet to include one or more indicators that a connectivity check is required along a datapath towards the second virtualized computing instance in the second cloud environment. The method may further comprise: sending the second connectivity check packet to cause one or more observation points along the datapath to, based on the one or more indicators, generate and send report information associated with the second connectivity packet.

Abstract: The invention relates to an assembled golf bag. The assembled golf bag includes an upper frame, a bottom frame, a support rod, a main body piece, a secondary body piece and a handle. The upper frame, the bottom frame and the primary body piece of the bag are fixed integrally by rivets. The support rod and the main body piece having clamping slot are assembled with the secondary body piece having clamping piece in a fastening and twisting manner, so that the secondary body piece can be easily removed and replaced. Sizes and colors of the handle can be changed by placing different color strips on the handle body. The invention has the advantages that the body piece of the ball bag can be freely matched according to the demand, the replacement is easy and the maintenance is convenient, and the parts on the bag can be recycled.

Abstract: Some embodiments provide a method for a network controller. The method receives network configuration data including an association of an entity configuration profile set with a logical network entity. The entity configuration profile set is a group of at least two entity configuration profiles for different types of settings to apply to logical network entities with which the entity configuration profile set is associated. The method identifies a host machine at which the logical network entity is implemented. The method distributes the entity configuration profile set and each of the at least two entity configuration profiles to the identified host machine.

Abstract: Some embodiments provide a method for a network controller. The method receives network configuration data including an association of an entity configuration profile to a logical entity group that references at least two logical network entities. The entity configuration profile includes a set of configuration settings to apply to logical network entities with which the entity configuration profile is associated. The method associates the entity configuration profile with the logical network entities referenced by the logical entity group. Based on the associations of the entity configuration profile with the logical network entities, the method determines multiple host machines that require the configuration data for the entity configuration profile. The method distributes the entity configuration profile to the host machines.

Abstract: Example methods and systems for a network management entity to perform adaptive packet flow monitoring. One example method may comprise receiving a request to monitor a packet flow between a first virtualized computing instance supported by a first host and a second virtualized computing instance supported by a second host. The method may also comprise activating a first set of checkpoints by instructing the first host and/or the second host to monitor the packet flow using the first set of checkpoints. The method may further comprise: in response to detecting a predetermined event based on first performance metric information associated with the packet flow, activating a second set of checkpoints by instructing the first host and/or the second host to monitor the packet flow using the second set of checkpoints.

Abstract: Example methods and systems for a network management entity to perform configuration change monitoring. One example method may comprise receiving a request to monitor a datapath to which a configuration change is applicable. The datapath may include multiple network elements. The method may also comprise instructing the first host to inject, at a first network element, one or more trace packets for transmission along the datapath to a second network element. The method may further comprise: obtaining state information associated with the configuration change, and detecting that an operating condition associated with the datapath is affected by the configuration change based on the state information.

Abstract: Example methods are provided for a network management entity to perform network configuration failure diagnosis in a software-defined networking (SDN) environment. The method may comprise receiving a request to diagnose a network configuration failure; and generating and sending control information to a host to cause the host to inject, at a first network element, a diagnostic packet for transmission along a datapath to a configuration server via multiple second network elements. The diagnostic packet may be configured according to a network configuration protocol supported by the configuration server. The method may also comprise: receiving report information associated with the diagnostic packet from at least one of the following: the first network element, the multiple second network elements and the configuration server; and based on the report information, determining a diagnosis result associated with the network configuration failure.

Abstract: Example methods are provided for port mirroring based on remote direct memory access (RDMA) in a software-defined networking (SDN) environment. One example method may comprise obtaining configuration information associated with a port mirroring session between a source logical port supported by a source host and a destination logical port supported by a destination host, and establishing an RDMA-based connection between the source and destination hosts. The method may also comprise: in response to detecting a packet passing through the source logical port, generating a mirrored packet based on the detected packet, and storing, in source memory associated with the source host, the mirrored packet in association with destination information identifying the destination logical port or destination host. The method may further comprise transferring the mirrored packet from the source memory to destination memory associated with the destination host via the RDMA-based connection.

Abstract: Example methods are provided for a network management entity to perform query failure diagnosis in a software-defined networking (SDN) environment. The method may comprise receiving a request to diagnose a query failure; and generating and sending control information to a host to cause the host to inject, at a first network element, a diagnostic packet for transmission along a datapath to a query failure via multiple second network elements. The diagnostic packet may be a query configured according to a query protocol supported by the query server. The method may also comprise: receiving report information associated with the diagnostic packet from at least one of the following: the first network element, the multiple second network elements and the query failure; and based on the report information, determining a diagnosis result associated with the query failure.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel method for improving microbial laccase production, which relates to the field of microbial fermentation. The present invention is to add beta-carotene and other types of carotenoids, or microorganisms that produces carotenoids, or a mixture comprising carotenoids into a fermentation system during fermentation of Pleurotus ferulae and other higher fungi. The present invention can improve the laccase production 12 times more than before. With the advantage of a simple process and high yield, the present invention has a bright application prospect.