Abstract: A system and method are disclosed of electrostatic alignment and surface assembly of photonic crystals for dynamic color exhibition. The method includes aligning a plurality of photonic crystal chains in a solution to exhibit color.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed of electrostatic alignment and surface assembly of photonic crystals for dynamic color exhibition. The method includes: dispersing a plurality of photonic crystal chains into a solution; placing the solution of the plurality of photonic crystal chains in a container; and assembling and aligning the plurality of photonic crystal chains in the solution by a local charge build up on a surface of the container to exhibit color.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides systems and methods for providing irradiation energy, imaging, and detecting X-ray fluorescence from a volume in a sample. The present disclosure further relates to methods of increasing the delivery of irradiation energy to a target in a sample.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed of electrostatic alignment and surface assembly of photonic crystals for dynamic color exhibition. The method includes: dispersing a plurality of photonic crystal chains into a solution; placing the solution of the plurality of photonic crystal chains in a container; and assembling and aligning the plurality of photonic crystal chains in the solution by a local charge build up on a surface of the container to exhibit color.

Abstract: A method and system are disclosed for generating a dynamic and responsive color media. The method includes encapsulating nanomaterials within a capsule to form encapsulated photonic crystals; and dispersing the encapsulated photonic crystals within a film or substrate, wherein the encapsulated nanomaterials retain a liquid dispersion state and can move freely within the capsule and the capsules containing photonic crystals remain stationary within the film or substrate.

Abstract: The methods disclosed herein are directed to methods of enhancing formation of a polymer from a monomer on a metal-based nanoparticle under X-ray irradiation and compositions produced by such methods. The method comprises irradiating a monomer solution with X-rays to form the polymer; wherein the monomer solution comprises the monomer, the metal-based nanoparticle, and a solvent capable of generating a hydroxyl radical; and wherein the metal-based nanoparticle is a particle having a greatest dimension between 5 and 100 nanometers. The methods also include the dissolution metal ions from these same metal-based nanoparticles wherein the solution comprises the metal-based nanoparticle and a solvent capable of generating a hydroxyl radical; and wherein the metal-based nanoparticle is a particle having a greatest dimension between 5 and 100 nanometers.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides systems and methods for providing irradiation energy, imaging, and detecting X-ray fluorescence from a volume in a sample. The present disclosure further relates to methods of increasing the delivery of irradiation energy to a target in a sample.

Abstract: The methods disclosed herein are directed to methods of enhancing formation of a polymer from a monomer on a metal-based nanoparticle under X-ray irradiation and compositions produced by such methods. The method comprises irradiating a monomer solution with X-rays to form the polymer; wherein the monomer solution comprises the monomer, the metal-based nanoparticle, and a solvent capable of generating a hydroxyl radical; and wherein the metal-based nanoparticle is a particle having a greatest dimension between 5 and 100 nanometers. The methods also include the dissolution metal ions from these same metal-based nanoparticles wherein the solution comprises the metal-based nanoparticle and a solvent capable of generating a hydroxyl radical; and wherein the metal-based nanoparticle is a particle having a greatest dimension between 5 and 100 nanometers.