Abstract: An electrostatic device (10) includes a first flexible electrode (1) on which a plurality of second electrodes (2) are mounted so as to move with the first electrode (1). Upon the application of an electrical charge, the or each second electrode (2) causes deflection of the first electrode (1) which deflection is enhanced by the movement of the second electrode therewith. A variety of different designs of the device are possible to provide movement of the first electrode in a plurality of directions and also different types of in and out of plane movement, including rotation and twisting. The structure enables the device to operate at voltage levels compatible with integrated circuits and for the device to be manufactured using integrated circuit manufacturing techniques.

Abstract: An electrostatic device (10) includes a first flexible electrode (1) on which a plurality of second electrodes (2) are mounted so as to move with the first electrode (1). Upon the application of an electrical charge, the or each second electrode (2) causes deflection of the first electrode (1) which deflection is enhanced by the movement of the second electrode therewith. A variety of different designs of the device are possible to provide movement of the first electrode in a plurality of directions and also different types of in and out of plane movement, including rotation and twisting. The structure enables the device to operate at voltage levels compatible with integrated circuits and for the device to be manufactured using integrated circuit manufacturing techniques.

Abstract: A display device, e.g. for sports stadium or airport, consists of a large array of individual `pixels` representing single dots of a large display. Each `pixel` or display element consists of a number of sets of different colored vanes, some moveable to alter the colors or quality of the light reflected by the element. By using sets of two vanes, each with differently colored areas extending across the vanes transverse to the direction of movement, three distinct color mixes can be provided using two vanes per set, or six distinct mixes using three vanes per set.

Abstract: A display device comprising a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix to form a total image display area. Each pixel is comprised of a plurality of sets of two or more vanes with the vanes of each set lying in closely adjacent parallel planes. Driving means is provided for conjointly driving a selected group of corresponding vanes in each set so that the vane forward surfaces are selectively viewable from the front. The vanes in at least one group are colored with a plain color which differs from the color of the vanes in at least one other group.