Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for determining inflammation in subjects. Also disclosed are methods for determining whether a subject has sepsis. The methods include determining methylation of preproinsulin DNA and chromatin target of PRMT1 (CHTOP).

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for detecting and/or determining a patient's risk of developing hyperglycemia or type 1 diabetes. The methods are directed to analyzing the miRNA content of extracellular vesicles recovered from said patient.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for determining inflammation in subjects. Also disclosed are methods for determining whether a subject has sepsis. The methods include determining methylation of preproinsulin DNA and chromatin target of PRMT1 (CHTOP).

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for detecting and/or determining a patient's risk of developing hyperglycemia or type 1 diabetes. The methods are directed to analyzing the miRNA and protein content of extracellular vesicles recovered from a patient.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for detecting and/or determining a patient's risk of developing hyperglycemia or type 1 diabetes. The methods are directed to analyzing the miRNA content of extracellular vesicles recovered from said patient.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compositions and methods for determining new-onset type 1 diabetes, methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction assays for determining new-onset type 1 diabetes, methods for distinguishing between type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes, methods for dysglycemia in obese adolescent subjects including obese adolescent subjects having type 2 diabetes and methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction assays for determining dysglycemia in obese adolescent subjects including obese adolescent subjects having type 2 diabetes.

Abstract: Provided herein is a comprehensive characterization of a novel polyclonal antibody (IU-88) that specifically recognizes the hypusinated eIF5A. The antibody IU-88 is useful for the investigation of eIF5A biology, for the development of assays recognizing hypusinated eIF5A, and for methods of treating conditions and diseases that involve the activity of hypusinated eIF5A. The antibody was used to determine that the levels of hypusinated eIF5A were elevated in the pancreatic tissues of patients diagnosed with Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes.

Abstract: Pancreatic islet dysfunction, in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes results, in part, from cytokine-mediated inflammation leading to iNOS generation and the death of pancreatic islets. The production of pro-inflammatory cytokines involved in the generation of iNOS is facilitated by the availability of the hypusine-containing translational factor eIF5A, necessary for the maturation of antigen-presenting cells. Treatment with agents capable of interfering with the mRNA translating iNOS or with agents that can interfere with the hypusination of eIF5A, prevents the death of islets, lowers blood glucose levels, avoids insulin resistance, and generally avoids the inflammatory response in islets associated with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.