Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing an isocyanate by phosgenating the corresponding primary amine in the gas phase, wherein the gaseous reaction product mixture is cooled by being brought into contact with at least one flow stream of a quenching liquid in a quenching zone, wherein the quenching liquid used in total comprises, based on the total mass, organic solvents in a proportion of maximally 50.0% by mass, and the remainder of up to 100% by mass consists of at least the isocyanate to be produced, thereby obtaining a mixture of the reaction product mixture and the quenching liquid. Furthermore, the mixture obtained in this manner of the reaction product mixture and the quenching liquid is separated into a liquid and a gaseous phase in a collection zone, and a liquid solvent intermediate flow comprising more than 50.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing an isocyanate by phosgenating the corresponding primary amine in the gas phase, wherein the gaseous reaction product mixture is cooled by being brought into contact with at least one flow stream of a quenching liquid in a quenching zone, wherein the quenching liquid used in total comprises, based on the total mass, organic solvents in a proportion of maximally 50.0% by mass, and the remainder of up to 100% by mass consists of at least the isocyanate to be produced, thereby obtaining a mixture of the reaction product mixture and the quenching liquid. Furthermore, the mixture obtained in this manner of the reaction product mixture and the quenching liquid is separated into a liquid and a gaseous phase in a collection zone, and a liquid solvent intermediate flow comprising more than 50.

Abstract: The subject matter of the invention is a trackless tugger train having at least one transportation module and at least two axle modules. Each transportation module is arranged between two axle modules, wherein each axle module has a wheel axle and a steering device for steering the wheel axle, wherein the steering devices of the axle module are embodied in each case in such a way that each steering device steers the axle module which is assigned to it, independently of a steering device of another axle module.

Abstract: Methods for the preparation of diisocyanates by the reaction of the corresponding primary diamines with phosgene in the gas phase are described, wherein the pressure in the diamine evaporation chamber during the transfer of the diamine into the gas phase is less than the pressure in the reaction chamber during the reaction to the diisocyanates, and wherein the pressure difference between the diamine evaporation chamber and the reaction chamber prior to the mixing of diamine and phosgene is overcome by a pressure-increasing element.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the preparation of diisocyanates by the reaction of the corresponding primary diamines with phosgene in the gas phase, wherein the pressure in the diamine evaporation chamber during the transfer of the diamine into the gas phase is less than the pressure in the reaction chamber during the reaction to the diisocyanates, and wherein the pressure difference between the diamine evaporation chamber and the reaction chamber prior to the mixing of diamine and phosgene is overcome by a pressure-increasing element.

Abstract: A railless tugger train (100) includes a train module (10), at least one transportation module and at least two axis modules, wherein each axis module has a stiffly configured axis beam, at which a first mounting device is configured in the form of a stiff mounting of the train module or a transportation module and at which a second mounting device is configured for an articulated connection of a transportation module. At least two wheels (19) are mounted at the axis beam in such a way that the wheels are each rotatable around a rotation axis (D) which is configured vertical to the longitudinal axis (L) of the axis beam.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for operating a gas phase phosgenation plant (100) to form an isocyanate (4) by reacting an amine (2) with phosgene (1), in which the gas phase phosgenation plant is shut down by first stopping the amine stream and still maintaining the phosgene stream. After a period of time which corresponds to at least 10 times the residence time of phosgene (1) in the main parts of the gas phase phosgenation plant (100) in regular operation, calculated from the time at which the amine inflow has been completely stopped, the feed of phosgene is also stopped. An inert gas stream (3) is maintained through the amine and phosgene feeding devices and through all the other essential parts of the gas phase phosgenation plant (100) during the shutdown.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for operating a gas phase phosgenation plant (100) to form an isocyanate (4) by reacting an amine (2) with phosgene (1), in which the gas phase phosgenation plant is started up by first charging the plant with phosgene. At the same time as, or after the first charge of phosgene, the amine supply devices are rendered inert using a hot inert gas stream (30). Then, amine is admixed for the first time. In this way and by maintaining a pressure drop in the amine and phosgene devices to the mixing zone, the back mixing of phosgene into the amine-containing reactant stream during start-up is prevented.

Abstract: The subject matter of the invention is a trackless tugger train (100) having at least one transportation module (10) and at least two axle modules (11), wherein each transportation module (11) is arranged between two axle modules (11), wherein each axle module (11) has a wheel axle (12) and a steering device for steering the wheel axle (12), wherein the steering devices of the axle module (11) are embodied in each case in such a way that each steering device steers the axle module (11) which is assigned to it, independently of a steering device of another axle module (11).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing isocyanates by phosgenating the corresponding amines, wherein low-boiling secondary components, excess phosgene, and the co-product hydrogen chloride are separated from the crude liquid isocyanate stream, which is obtained after the phosgenation has occurred, within a maximum of 60 minutes, and wherein the crude liquid isocyanate stream is not exposed to temperatures above 250° C. until said separation.

Abstract: Suspension system for vehicle seats, in particular for utility motor vehicle seats, comprising at least a first and a second part, the two parts being mounted oscillatorily movable and spring-loaded with respect to one another, wherein a closed hydropneumatic circuit is provided which comprises at least one control element, connected to at least one of the two parts, and at least one first hydropneumatic spring connected in series therewith, a hydraulic pressure of a hydraulic medium in the circuit being convertible into a force acting between the two parts by means of an action surface arranged in the control element, the pressure being dependent on a gas pressure in a gas volume of the first spring.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for operating a gas phase phosgenation plant (100) to form an isocyanate (4) by reacting an amine (2) with phosgene (1), in which the gas phase phosgenation plant is started up by first charging the plant with phosgene. At the same time as, or after the first charge of phosgene, the amine supply devices are rendered inert using a hot inert gas stream (30). Then, amine is admixed for the first time. In this way and by maintaining a pressure drop in the amine and phosgene devices to the mixing zone, the back mixing of phosgene into the amine-containing reactant stream during start-up is prevented.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for operating a gas phase phosgenation plant (100) to form an isocyanate (4) by reacting an amine (2) with phosgene (1), in which the gas phase phosgenation plant is shut down by first stopping the amine stream and still maintaining the phosgene stream. After a period of time which corresponds to at least 10 times the residence time of phosgene (1) in the main parts of the gas phase phosgenation plant (100) in regular operation, calculated from the time at which the amine inflow has been completely stopped, the feed of phosgene is also stopped. An inert gas stream (3) is maintained through the amine and phosgene feeding devices and through all the other essential parts of the gas phase phosgenation plant (100) during the shutdown.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing isocyanates by phosgenating the corresponding amines, wherein low-boiling secondary components, excess phosgene, and the co-product hydrogen chloride are separated from the crude liquid isocyanate stream, which is obtained after the phosgenation has occurred, within a maximum of 60 minutes, and wherein the crude liquid isocyanate stream is not exposed to temperatures above 250° C. until said separation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing isocyanates by phosgenating the corresponding amines, wherein low-boiling secondary components, excess phosgene, and the co-product hydrogen chloride are separated from the crude liquid isocyanate stream, which is obtained after the phosgenation has occurred, within a maximum of 60 minutes, and wherein the crude liquid isocyanate stream is not exposed to temperatures above 250° C. until said separation.

Abstract: Meta-toluene-diisocyanate is produced by reacting meta-toluenediamine with phosgene in the gas phase. The meta-toluenediamine to be vaporized for use in this phosgenation process must contain less than 0.5 wt. % of toluenediamine residue, a total of less than 0.2 wt. % of ammonia and cycloaliphatic amines, and less than 20 ppm of heavy metals. At least 0.1 wt. % of the liquid meta-toluenediamine being to be vaporized must not be vaporized. This non-vaporized content of the meta-toluenediamine must not be fed to the phosgenation reactor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of isocyanates by reaction of the corresponding amines with phosgene in the gas phase, wherein a diluent containing between 90.0000% by weight and 99.9999% by weight of substances which are inert in the phosgenation process and between 0.0001% by weight and 10.0000% by weight of oxygen is present during the conversion of the amine into the gas phase and the molar ratio of amine to oxygen (O2) is ?1,000:1.

Abstract: Chlorine is prepared by catalytic oxidation of a hydrogen chloride stream having a content of sulfur in elemental or bonded form of less than 100 ppm, preferably less than 50 ppm, more preferably less than 5 ppm, most preferably less than 1 ppm, based on the weight of the hydrogen chloride stream.

Abstract: Suspension system for vehicle seats, in particular for utility motor vehicle seats, comprising at least a first and a second part, the two parts being mounted oscillatorily movable and spring-loaded with respect to one another, wherein a closed hydropneumatic circuit is provided which comprises at least one control element, connected to at least one of the two parts, and at least one first hydropneumatic spring connected in series therewith, a hydraulic pressure of a hydraulic medium in the circuit being convertible into a force acting between the two parts by means of an action surface arranged in the control element, the pressure being dependent on a gas pressure in a gas volume of the first spring.

Abstract: The subject matter of the invention is a trackless tugger train (100) having at least one transportation module (10) and at least two axle modules (11), wherein each transportation module (11) is arranged between two axle modules (11), wherein each axle module (11) has a wheel axle (12) and a steering device for steering the wheel axle (12), wherein the steering devices of the axle module (11) are embodied in each case in such a way that each steering device steers the axle module (11) which is assigned to it, independently of a steering device of another axle module (11).