Abstract: A phosphate-free reduction bleach formulation comprising(a) a reduction bleaching agent and(b) a bleach stabiliser selected from(b.sub.1) a citric acid derivative,(b.sub.2) a homo- or copolymer of an ethylenically unsaturated mono- or dicarboxylic acid,(b.sub.3) a water-soluble magnesium salt and(b.sub.4) an alkali metal salt of tetraboric acid.The bleach formulation is suitable for the reduction bleaching of vegetable, animal or synthetic fibres as well as paper. High degrees of whiteness are obtained. The formulation is substantially ecologically compatible.

Abstract: There are disclosed compositions for wetting hydrophobic capillary materials, which compositions contain, in addition to a water-soluble anionic, cationic or amphoteric surfactant or a mixture thereof, an amphiphilic, phosphorus-free organic compound which is very slightly soluble in water, has a melting point below 4.degree. C., and a boiling point above 200.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel pasty or solid dye melts which contain, per 1 part of a sparingly water-soluble or water-insoluble dye whose melting point is higher than 150.degree. C., 2 to less than 5 parts of a nonionic surfactant with a melting point of 25.degree.-100.degree. C. and having an HLB value of 13 to 19 or of a cationic surfactant with a melting point of 25.degree.-100.degree. C., or a mixture of said surfactants, to a process for their preparation and to the use of said melts, preferably for dyeing and printing polyester materials, to give level dyeings having a high degree of exhaustion.