Abstract: Methods for removing sulfur dioxide from a gas stream are disclosed. A method may include passing a gas stream comprising SO2 through a gas scrubbing apparatus. A scrubbing liquor comprising hydroxide ions and at least one oxidation catalyst may be flowed into the gas scrubbing apparatus, thereby contacting the gas stream with the scrubbing liquor. In response to the contacting, at least 90 wt. % of the sulfur dioxide may be removed from the gas stream. Concomitant to the contacting, at least some of the sulfur dioxide may react with at least some of the hydroxide ions, thereby forming sulfite ions in the scrubbing liquor. Some of the sulfite ions may be oxidized, via the oxidation catalyst, thereby forming sulfate ions in the scrubbing liquor. A used scrubbing liquor may be discharged from the scrubbing apparatus.

Abstract: Methods for removing sulfur dioxide from a gas stream are disclosed. A method may include passing a gas stream comprising SO2 through a gas scrubbing apparatus. A scrubbing liquor comprising hydroxide ions and at least one oxidation catalyst may be flowed into the gas scrubbing apparatus, thereby contacting the gas stream with the scrubbing liquor. In response to the contacting, at least 90 wt. % of the sulfur dioxide may be removed from the gas stream. Concomitant to the contacting, at least some of the sulfur dioxide may react with at least some of the hydroxide ions, thereby forming sulfite ions in the scrubbing liquor. Some of the sulfite ions may be oxidized, via the oxidation catalyst, thereby forming sulfate ions in the scrubbing liquor. A used scrubbing liquor may be discharged from the scrubbing apparatus.

Abstract: Methods for removing sulfur dioxide front a gas stream are disclosed. A method may include passing a gas stream comprising SO2 through a gas scrubbing apparatus. A scrubbing liquor comprising hydroxide ions and at least one oxidation catalyst may be flowed into the gas scrubbing apparatus, thereby contacting the gas stream with the scrubbing liquor. In response to the contacting, at least 90 wt. % of the sulfur dioxide may be removed from the gas stream. Concomitant to the contacting, at least some of the sulfur dioxide may react with at least some of the hydroxide ions, thereby forming sulfite ions in the scrubbing liquor. Some of the sulfite ions may be oxidized, via the oxidation catalyst, thereby forming sulfate ions in the scrubbing liquor. A used scrubbing liquor may be discharged from the scrubbing apparatus.

Abstract: Methods for removing sulfur dioxide front a gas stream are disclosed. A method may include passing a gas stream comprising SO2 through a gas scrubbing apparatus. A scrubbing liquor comprising hydroxide ions and at least one oxidation catalyst may be flowed into the gas scrubbing apparatus, thereby contacting the gas stream with the scrubbing liquor. In response to the contacting, at least 90 wt. % of the sulfur dioxide may be removed from the gas stream. Concomitant to the contacting, at least some of the sulfur dioxide may react with at least some of the hydroxide ions, thereby forming sulfite ions in the scrubbing liquor. Some of the sulfite ions may be oxidized, via the oxidation catalyst, thereby forming sulfate ions in the scrubbing liquor. A used scrubbing liquor may be discharged from the scrubbing apparatus.

Abstract: Horizontal duct scrubbing systems for removing particulate matter from a gas are disclosed. The horizontal scrubbing systems may receive a particulate-containing gas stream (e.g., containing PM10 and/or PM2.5 particulate matter), and remove at least some of such particulates by spraying liquid droplets co-current to the flow of the gas stream, where the liquid droplets have a volume median droplet diameter (DV0.5) of from 240 microns to 600 microns. The scrubbing system may be substantially free of flow deflection members between a liquid inlet manifold and a demister. The system may be remove at least 50 wt. % PM10 and/or PM2.5 particulate matter from the gas stream.

Abstract: Horizontal duct scrubbing systems for removing particulate matter from a gas are disclosed. The horizontal scrubbing systems may receive a particulate-containing gas stream (e.g., containing PM10 and/or PM2.5 particulate matter), and remove at least some of such particulates by spraying liquid droplets co-current to the flow of the gas stream, where the liquid droplets have a volume median droplet diameter (DV0.5) of from 240 microns to 600 microns, The scrubbing system may be substantially free of flow deflection members between a liquid inlet manifold and a demister. The system may be remove at least 50 wt. % PM10 and/or PM2.5 particulate matter from the gas stream.

Abstract: Horizontal duct scrubbing systems for removing particulate matter from a gas are disclosed. The horizontal scrubbing systems may receive a particulate-containing gas stream (e.g., containing PM10 and/or PM2.5 particulate matter), and remove at least some of such particulates by spraying liquid droplets co-current to the flow of the gas stream, where the liquid droplets have a volume median droplet diameter (DV0.5) of from 240 microns to 600 microns. The scrubbing system may be substantially free of flow deflection members between a liquid inlet manifold and a demister. The system may be remove at least 50 wt. % PM10 and/or PM2.5 particulate matter from the gas stream.

Abstract: Horizontal duct scrubbing systems for removing particulate matter from a gas are disclosed. The horizontal scrubbing systems may receive a particulate-containing gas stream (e.g., containing PM10 and/or PM2.5 particulate matter), and remove at least some of such particulates by spraying liquid droplets co-current to the flow of the gas stream, where the liquid droplets have a volume median droplet diameter (DV0.5) of from 240 microns to 600 microns. The scrubbing system may be substantially free of flow deflection members between a liquid inlet manifold and a demister. The system may be remove at least 50 wt. % PM10 and/or PM2.5 particulate matter from the gas stream.

Abstract: Systems and associated methods for treating contaminant-containing wastewater are provided. The systems generally include a reducing zone for reducing the oxidation-reduction potential of the water and a clean-up zone comprising zero valent iron for removing at least a portion of the contaminant from the contaminant-containing water. The systems are operable to remove one or more contaminants from the contaminant-containing water and are operable for extended durations without clogging due to the formation of iron hydroxides.

Abstract: Systems and associated methods for treating contaminant-containing wastewater are provided. The systems generally include a reducing zone for reducing the oxidation-reduction potential of the water and a clean-up zone comprising zero valent iron for removing at least a portion of the contaminant from the contaminant-containing water. The systems are operable to remove one or more contaminants from the contaminant-containing water and are operable for extended durations without clogging due to the formation of iron hydroxides.

Abstract: Systems and associated methods for treating contaminant-containing wastewater are provided. The systems generally include a reducing zone for reducing the oxidation-reduction potential of the water and a clean-up zone comprising zero valent iron for removing at least a portion of the contaminant from the contaminant-containing water. The systems are operable to remove one or more contaminants from the contaminant-containing water and are operable for extended durations without clogging due to the formation of iron hydroxides.

Abstract: Systems and associated methods for treating contaminant-containing wastewater are provided. The systems generally include a reducing zone for reducing the oxidation-reduction potential of the water and a clean-up zone comprising zero valent iron for removing at least a portion of the contaminant from the contaminant-containing water. The systems are operable to remove one or more contaminants from the contaminant-containing water and are operable for extended durations without clogging due to the formation of iron hydroxides.

Abstract: Bio-ceramic compositions for removing fluoride from water, and methods for making the same are disclosed. The bio-ceramic composition may comprise alumina, calcium oxide, sulfur, and/or carbon. The bio-ceramic composition may be produced from at least one natural media, such as chitin or eggshell membrane. The bio-ceramic composition may realize an initial fluoride adsorption capacity, in water, of at least about 5 mg/g.

Abstract: Systems and associated methods for treating contaminant-containing wastewater are provided. The systems generally include a reducing zone for reducing the oxidation-reduction potential of the water and a clean-up zone comprising zero valent iron for removing at least a portion of the contaminant from the contaminant-containing water. The systems are operable to remove one or more contaminants from the contaminant-containing water and are operable for extended durations without clogging due to the formation of iron hydroxides.

Abstract: A method for treating cyanide contaminated water is disclosed. This method generally involves passing the contaminated water through a bed containing elemental iron, to form a precipitate by a reaction between the iron and any of various cyanide species which exist in the water. The method can be applied either above ground or in situ in the subsurface environment.