Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of at least one N,N-dimethylamide as an additive in an elastomeric composition for producing a tread band for vehicle wheels, wherein the N,N-dimethylamide has the formula: formula (I), wherein: R is a C6-C12 alkyl group, and R? and R? are methyl. A further aspect of the present invention concerns a vulcanised elastomeric material for producing a tread band for vehicle wheels obtained by vulcanising an elastomeric composition comprising (a) at least one elastomeric polymer, (b) at least one reinforcing filler selected among hydroxides, oxides and hydrated oxides, salts and hydrated salts of metals or mixtures thereof and (c) at least one N,N-dimethylamide of formula (I).

Abstract: The presently claimed invention relates to the use of ionic liquids for stabilizing the viscosity of an aqueous silicate-based coating composition and a method for stabilizing the composition thereof. The presently claimed invention is also directed to an aqueous composition comprising ionic liquids.

Abstract: A fire-protected solar module comprises on an upper side a glass pane (1), thereunder a transparent encapsulant (2) with electrically connected solar cells embedded therein, thereunder a fire-protection module (3), with the proviso that the fire-protection module (3) is a laminated glass system made of plate glass with one or more intermediate layers made of an alkali metal silicate gel.

Abstract: Disclosed are aqueous solutions of silicates (waterglasses), comprising (a) 20 to 40% by weight of SiO2, (b) 10 to 30% by weight of M2O, where M is a cation selected from the group consisting of Li+, Na+, K+, and NY4+, where Y is a C1-C6 alkyl or alkenyl radical, and (c) water; which solutions are obtained by a process comprising (i) providing an aqueous solution of a silicate (waterglass) of the formula M2O×nSiO2, as above, where n=1-5, and (ii) fine filtering the solution over a filter element that is stable at pH values of 12 or more, at a temperature in the range of 20 to 140° C., provided that the filtrate solution has a turbidity of 4 FNU or less. The aqueous solutions are clear at temperatures below ?10° C., and are storage-stable against turbidity for at least 1 month.

Abstract: The invention relates to an aqueous solution of modified silicates, wherein the solution is free of organic solvents and is obtained by reacting (a) an initially charge aqueous solution of silicates of the general formula M2O·nSiO2, wherein M is a cation from the group Li+, Na+, K+, NY4+, where Y is a hydrogen atom and/or an alkyl or alkenyl radical having 1 to 22 C atoms, and (b) at least one silane of the general formula R—(CH2)n—Si—(X)3 where X is independently a CH3, OCH3, OC2H5, OC3H7, OCOCH3, H or Cl radical, and R is a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched or ring-shaped radical having at least one O and/or N atom and at least 2 C atoms, and n is a number between 1 and 3; at temperatures from 5 to 100° C., and wherein the alcohols arising from the conversion are subsequently removed. The aqueous solution of modified silicates is used to hydrophilize surfaces, particularly for high-temperature coatings.

Abstract: Described is a hair smoothing agent comprising a water-soluble alkali metal silicates. Also described is a concentrate comprising a water-soluble alkali metal silicate that can be added to a cosmetically acceptable medium.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hair smoothing agent characterized by a content of sodium silicate.

Abstract: A module, for example a photovoltaic module, includes among other things a glass plate (11) as a front cover facing the direction of light incidence, a component (photovoltaic element) (15), and a plastic layer (14) provided as an embedding material, wherein the surface of the glass plate (11) on the side facing the plastic layer (14) is treated such that the index of refraction of the layer produced by the surface treatment has a value between the index of refraction of the glass of the cover (11) and the index of refraction of the plastic material of the layer (14).

Abstract: Formulations comprising (A) at least one aminocarboxylate selected from methylglycine diacetate (MGDA), iminodisuccinic acid (IDA) and glutamic acid diacetate (GLDA), and salts and derivatives thereof, and (B) at least one alkoxylated alkyleneimine polymer with an average molecular weight Mw in the range from 800 to 25 000 g/mol which has a positive charge density of at least 5 meq/g and which has in the range from 2 to at most 80% by weight alkylene oxide side chains, based on total alkoxylated alkyleneimine polymer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing clear aqueous solutions of silicates, remaining stable at 20° C. on storage for at least 6 months, containing 20% to 40% by weight SiO2, 10% to 20% by weight M2O, where M is a cation from the group consisting of Li+, Na+, K+ and NY4+ and Y is an alkyl or alkenyl radical having 1 to 6 C atoms, 0.5% to 6% by weight Al2O3 and 100% by weight water, by introducing an aqueous solution of a silicate of the general formula M2O x nSiO2, in which M is a cation from the group consisting of Li+, Na+, K+ and NY4+, and where Y is an alkyl or alkenyl radical having 1 to 6 C atoms, and n is a number in the range from 1 to 5, and metering in an aluminium compound in such a way that the viscosity of the reaction mixture remains below 10 000 mPas, and the reaction being carried out in a temperature range from 20 to 140° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hair smoothing agent characterized by a content of sodium silicate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing clear aqueous solutions of silicates, remaining stable at 20° C. on storage for at least 6 months, containing 20% to 40% by weight SiO2, 10% to 20% by weight M2O, where M is a cation from the group consisting of Li+, Na+, K+ and NY4+ and Y is an alkyl or alkenyl radical having 1 to 6 C atoms, 0.5% to 6% by weight Al2O3 and 100% by weight water, by introducing an aqueous solution of a silicate of the general formula M2O x nSiO2, in which M is a cation from the group consisting of Li+, Na+, K+ and NY4+, and where Y is an alkyl or alkenyl radical having 1 to 6 C atoms, and n is a number in the range from 1 to 5, and metering in an aluminium compound in such a way that the viscosity of the reaction mixture remains below 10 000 mPas, and the reaction being carried out in a temperature range from 20 to 140° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to an aqueous solution of modified silicates, wherein the solution is free of organic solvents and is obtained by reacting (a) an initially charge aqueous solution of silicates of the general formula M2O.nSiO2, wherein M is a cation from the group Li+, Na+, K+, NY4+, where Y is a hydrogen atom and/or an alkyl or alkenyl radical having 1 to 22 C atoms, and (b) at least one silane of the general formula R—(CH2)n—Si—(X)3 where X is independently a CH3, OCH3, OC2H5, OC3H7, OCOCH3, H or Cl radical, and R is a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched or ring-shaped radical having at least one O and/or N atom and at least 2 C atoms, and n is a number between 1 and 3; at temperatures from 5 to 100° C., and wherein the alcohols arising from the conversion are subsequently removed. The aqueous solution of modified silicates is used to hydrophilize surfaces, particularly for high-temperature coatings.

Abstract: Disclosed are aqueous solutions of silicates (waterglasses), comprising (a) 20 to 40% by weight of SiO2, (b) 10 to 30% by weight of M2O, where M is a cation selected from the group consisting of Li+, Na+, K+, and NY4+, where Y is a C1-C6 alkyl or alkenyl radical, and (c) water; which solutions are obtained by a process comprising (i) providing an aqueous solution of a silicate (waterglass) of the formula M2O×nSiO2, as above, where n=1-5, and (ii) fine filtering the solution over a filter element that is stable at pH values of 12 or more, at a temperature in the range of 20 to 140° C., provided that the filtrate solution has a turbidity of 4 FNU or less. The aqueous solutions are clear at temperatures below ?10° C., and are storage-stable against turbidity for at least 1 month.

Abstract: Modified silicates are described which are obtained by reacting a waterglass solution with alkylsilanes of the general formula R—(CH2)n—Si—(X)3, in which X, in each case independently, is CH3, OCH3, OC2H5, OC3H7, OCOCH3 or Cl, and R is a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched or cyclic radical having at least one O and/or N atom and at least 2 carbon atoms, and n is a number between 1 and 3, at a temperature in the range of from about 20 to about 80° C. The modified silicates are suitable for the hydrophilic finishing of hard surfaces, and can be used in detergents and cleaners.

Abstract: A process for producing glucoprotamines by condensation of N-substituted propylene diamines with 2-aminoglutaric compounds in which the reaction is carried out in the presence of aminosilicones is disclosed. Glucoprotamines produced in accordance with the disclosed process exhibit improved color quality and longer storage stability.

Abstract: A process for refining epoxy compounds, wherein the process comprises: (a) providing a washed and dried organic phase comprising at least one epoxide compound; (b) contacting the organic phase with at least one basic solid selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxides, aluminum hydroxides and alkali metal silicates; and (c) separating the organic phase and the at least one basic solid, is disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of Guerbet alcohols by condensation of aliphatic alcohols in the presence of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxides as catalyst using the Guerbet reaction, in which the initial pressure in the reactor corresponds to the vapor pressure of the alcohol components used and, during the reaction, the pressure is continually reduced to the vapor pressure of the reaction mixture at the particular temperature.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of polyether polyamines comprising the steps ofA) reacting a polyol with an epihalohydrin in the presence of a catalyst;B) adding an at least equimolar quantity of an aqueous alkali metal hydroxide, based on the weight of catalyst, to the reaction mixture formed in step A);C) distilling volatile constituents from the reaction mixture from step B) at a temperature below about 150.degree. C. and under a pressure below about 1.33.times.10.sup.4 Pa.;D) filtering the reaction mixture remaining after step C) at a temperature in the range of from about 80.degree. C. to about 100.degree. C. to remove insoluble components thereof from the bishalohydrin reaction product; andE) reacting the bishalohydrin reaction product with ammonia and/or an amine in the presence of an alkaline catalyst to form a polyether polyamine.