Abstract: The wireless communication system transmits signals using radios (205). The radios (205) receive a signal which is formatted for transmission (602). The formatted signals from the radios (205) are divided. One formatted signal is input directly to a transform matrix (207) and a copy of the formatted signal is input to a delay (206) before being input to the transform matrix (207). Transform matrix (207) transforms (604) the input signals into output signals that each contain a portion of the input signals. The outputs from the transform matrix (207) are then amplified (605) using the amplifiers (208). The outputs from the amplifiers (208) are inverse transformed (606) in an inverse transform matrix (209). The inverse transform matrix (209) serves to recombine the portions of the signals originally input to the transform matrix (207). The resulting signals are then transmitted using antennas (210).

Abstract: A transmitter (300) is utilized to provide wireless communication in a sectorized coverage area. The transmitter (300) incorporates a hybrid matrix (303) and an inverse hybrid matrix (306) to combine input control signals (315) and traffic signals (316). The hybrid matrix (303) transforms the control signals (315) and traffic signals (316) into output signals which each contain a portion of the control signals (315) and traffic signals (316). The outputs from the hybrid matrix (303) are amplified by amplifiers (319), and the outputs from the amplifiers (319) are then inverse transformed by the inverse hybrid matrix (306). The inverse transform matrix (306) recombines the portions of the control signals (315) and traffic signals (316) originally input to the hybrid matrix (303), and the resulting signals are transmitted to mobile stations (203-205 and 208) in sectorized coverage areas (S1.sub.A and S1.sub.B) using sector antennas (320).

Abstract: A beacon signal (313) is provided in a wireless communication system using a hybrid matrix (303) and an inverse hybrid matrix (306). Using an unused port of the hybrid matrix (303), the beacon signal (313) is combined with traffic signals (316) intended for users of the wireless communication system. The hybrid matrix (303) transforms beacon signal (313) and the traffic signals (316) into output signals that each contain a portion of the beacon signal (313) and the traffic signals (316). The outputs from the hybrid matrix (303) are amplified by amplifiers (315). The outputs from the amplifiers (315) are then inverse transformed by an inverse hybrid matrix (306). The inverse transform matrix (306) recombines the portions of the beacon signal (313) and the traffic signals (316) originally input to the hybrid matrix (303), and the resulting signals are transmitted using sector antennas (320) and a beacon antenna (323).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for conducting electrochemiluminescence (ECL) measurements which control the initial conditions relating to the surface state of a triggering working electrode by reproducibly creating and maintaining a favorable surface condition so as to enhance the precision and detection limit of the measurements. Assays are performed with ECL detection in a flow-through cell environment and the precision and detection limit are enhanced by alternating initialization and measurement steps.

Abstract: A monolithic crystal filter includes a monolithic crystal filter element, a capacitive network connected in series with the monolithic crystal filter element and a bridging capacitor connected across the monolithic crystal element and the capacitive network. The monolithic crystal filter provides a passband that is symmetrically located about the passband center frequency. The monolithic crystal filter element has two pairs of electrodes that resonate at substantially the same frequency. The resonating frequencies of the electrode pairs are preferably below the passband center frequency. The capacitive circuit raises the resonating frequency of one of the electrode pairs such that the geometric mean of the raised and non-raised electrode-pair frequencies is substantially the same as the passband center frequency. The monolithic crystal filter can be cascaded with one or more similar monolithic crystal filters or monolithic crystal filter elements to obtain greater selectivity.