Abstract: Devices and methods are described for high-speed two layer and multilayer circuit boards. A device comprises a single circuit board or a circuit board made by laminating several two layer circuit boards. The device comprises mounting pads attached to the circuit board. The device comprises trace arrays that electrically couple the mounting pads. The trace arrays include a first trace array attached to a first side of each circuit board layer and a second trace array attached to a second side of each circuit board layer. Each trace array comprises conductive traces, and the conductive traces are arranged so each signal trace is positioned between combinations of ground traces and power traces to control the characteristic impedance of each logic or signal path. The arrays on the layers of the board are interconnected by vias to form a pseudo ground and power plane.

Abstract: Devices and methods are described for storing and dispensing electrical energy. A device comprises first and second electrical conductors. An insulator separates the first and second electrical conductors. The first and second electrical conductors can be formed in a folded, linear, stacked, coiled, or coaxial configuration relative to each other. The device includes a first connector that connects the first and second electrical conductors to an electrical source, and a second connector that connects the first and second electrical conductors to an electrical load. The device stores and dispenses electrical energy, and a voltage across the electrical load is held substantially constant when the device stores the electrical energy and the electrical load is a resistive load.

Abstract: A treatment system including a vibratory mixer is disclosed. The vibratory mixer comprises a vibrating element to facilitate the dissolution of a treating agent that facilitates separation of solids from liquids in water and wastewater streams. Vibratory mixing energy that effects mixing is generated by utilizing magnetostrictive or piezoelectric materials.

Abstract: A wood burner includes a wrapper. A firebox is positioned in the wrapper that defines a combustion chamber. An air inlet is placed in communication with an external air supply. The air inlet includes a conduit to conduct the external air to the combustion chamber and a second conduit. A manifold is positioned above the firebox. The manifold is in communication with the second conduit, and includes one or more manifold chambers for permitting the external air received thereby to become heated. A plurality of air tubes connect to the manifold to receive the heated external air from the manifold, each plurality of air tubes including a plurality of apertures to direct the heated external air into the combustion chamber adjacent an upper inner surface of the firebox.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed toward an improved calcium hypochlorite feeder for water treatment applications. Tablets of calcium hypochlorite are diluted in an erosion feeder and the high pH effluent is then directed to a precipitation basin where a precipitation enhancing combination of calcium hypochlorite solution and precipitate act to initiate precipitation within the newly formed solution such that calcium carbonate scaling at the injection point and within the associated feed lines and equipment is substantially eliminated.

Abstract: An apparatus for uniformly mixing two or more liquids. The apparatus includes a water inlet having a flow orifice for controlling flow rate and pattern. A second fluid to be mixed with the water is injected downstream of the water orifice an opposite direction resulting in a high energy contact to insure uniform wetting/mixing of the fluids. The mixture is directed through a chamber having a spacial aspect to insure uniform mixture before placement into a secondary chamber having multiple distribution points to assist in diluting the mixture into an additional fluid before directing the fluid to its point of use.

Abstract: Electrical components having generally parallel leads extending in one direction from one side of their bodies, respectively, are successively transferred to a conveyor means movable through sequential processing stations to prepare the leads for circuit board connection or sequencing preparatory to such connection. Spaced lead grippers on the conveyor means control lead portions adjacent to the bodies of the components. The stations sucessively act to determine the standoff length of the leads from the bodies of the components, reform remaining portions of the leads in coaxial relation while maintaining the standoff length, check for omission of a reformed component from proper position in the series and, upon release from the grippers, tape the coaxial portions of the leads of adjacent components in parallel, side-by-side relation. Preferably, the means for checking reformed component presence also controls turning of a reel for storing the repackaged components.

Abstract: A reciprocable member for inserting the leads of electronic components into preformed holes of circuit boards and the like is provided with a hold-down means cooperative with an inside former whereby portions of the leads are predeterminedly positioned and clamped during trimming and stand-off formation and then, at a later stage of an operating cycle, allows the member to insert the cut leads up to the stand-off formation. A mounting machine also desirably includes an inside former of improved configuration inducing lead retention in an outside former, and mechanism whereby the bodies of successive overlapping tape-fed components to be mounted are uniformly positioned for such lead clamping, forming and insertion.