Abstract: A portable executable (PE) is invoked through a platform-independent interface by processing an export table in the PE to obtain the function names used in the PE. A resources table in the PE is processed to obtain a user interface used in the PE. A platform-independent user interface is generated based on the user interface used in the PE. At least one of the functions used in the PE is invoked through the platform-independent user interface.

Abstract: An anonymous peer-to-peer network has a security protocol that allows hosts in the network to determine whether data received from the network is valid. The requesting host can explicitly determine the data transfer route in packet header information. Each host address on route is encrypted with a public key of a directly preceding host. Consequently, the requesting host can exclude from the data transfer route any host through which the requesting host does not wish to route data. Error detecting codes are used to validate the transmitted data.