Abstract: A rail anchor drive machine for boxing and then driving two coacting rail anchors in sequential operations. The machine is operated by a single operator and includes a wheeled frame adapted to be moved along a railroad track having two rails, and an anchor drive mechanism operatively mounted on the frame for operative positioning on either of the two rails when the wheeled frame is disposed at a preselected position on the track. The boxing operation is effected by a single hydraulic piston-cylinder mechanism and the anchor driving operation is effected by a single hydraulic piston-cylinder mechanism. The anchor drive mechanism is free of sliding members, with all connections therein being pivotal.