Abstract: A method and means to produce a force for propulsion comprises a source of electrons and a means to produce hyperbolic electrons; whereas, a gravitating body such as the Earth provides a repulsive fifth force on the hyperbolic electrons. Hyperbolic electrons are produced by elastically scattering the electrons of an electron beam from atoms or molecules at specific energies. The emerging beam of hyperbolic electrons experiences a fifth force away from the Earth, and the beam moves upward (away from the Earth). To use this invention for propulsion, the repulsive fifth force on the hyperbolic-electron beam is transferred to a negatively charged plate. The Coulombic repulsion between the beam of hyperbolic electrons and the negatively charged plate causes the plate (and anything connected to the plate) to lift.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides for a plasma reactor to generate power and novel hydrogen species and compositions of matter comprising new forms of hydrogen via the catalysis of atomic hydrogen and to generate a plasma and a source of light, the reactor comprising: a plasma forming energy cell for the catalysis of atomic hydrogen to form novel lower-energy hydrogen species and compositions of matter comprising new forms of lower-energy hydrogen, a source of catalyst for catalyzing the reaction of atomic hydrogen to form the lower-energy hydrogen and release energy, a source of atomic hydrogen, and a source of intermittent or pulsed power to at least partially maintain the plasma.

Abstract: A power source, power converter, and a radio and microwave generator are provided. The power source comprises a cell for the catalysis of atomic hydrogen to release power and to form novel hydrogen species and compositions of matter comprising new forms of hydrogen. The compounds comprise at least one neutral, positive, or negative hydrogen species having a binding energy greater than its corresponding ordinary hydrogen species, or greater than any hydrogen species for which the corresponding ordinary hydrogen species is unstable or is not observed. The energy released by the catalysis of hydrogen produces a plasma in the cell such as a plasma of the catalyst and hydrogen. The power converter and radio and microwave generator comprises a source of magnetic field which is applied to the cell.

Abstract: There is disclosed a laser comprising a laser medium comprising H2(1/p) where p is an integer and 1?p?137, a cavity comprising the laser medium, and a power source to form an inverted population in the energy level of H2(1/p). The power source may form excited vibration-rotational levels of H2(1/p) wherein lasing occurs with a stimulated transition from at least one vibration-rotational level to at least another lower-energy-level other than one with a significant Boltzmann population at the cell neutral-gas temperature, wherein the vibration-rotational levels of H2(1/p) comprise the inverted population.

Abstract: A method and system of physically solving the charge, mass, and current density functions of organic molecules using Maxwell's equations and computing and rendering the physical nature of the chemical bond using the solutions. The solutions can be used to solve the dipole moments in molecules or induced dipole moments between species that in turn can be used to solve condensed matter parameters and reaction kinetics. The results can be displayed on visual or graphical media. The display can be static or dynamic such that electron motion and specie's vibrational, rotational, and translational motion can be displayed in an embodiment. The displayed information is useful to anticipate reactivity and physical properties. The insight into the nature of the chemical bond of at least one species can permit the solution and display of those of other species to provide utility to anticipate their reactivity and physical properties.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method and system of physically solving the charge, mass, and current density functions of amino acids and peptide bonds with charged functional groups for proteins of any size and complexity by addition of the units, bases, 2-deoxyribose, ribose, phosphate backbone with charged functional groups for DNA of any size and complexity by addition of the units, organic ions, halobenzenes, phosphines, phosphates, phosphine oxides, phosphates, organogermanium and digermanium, organolead, organoarsenic, organoantimony, organobismuth, or any portion of these species using Maxwell's equations and computing and rendering the physical nature of the chemical bond using the solutions. The results can be displayed on visual or graphical media. The display can be static or dynamic such that electron motion and specie's vibrational, rotational, and translational motion can be displayed in an embodiment. The displayed information is useful to anticipate reactivity and physical properties.

Abstract: A method and system of physically solving the charge, mass, and current density functions of excited-state atoms and atomic ions using Maxwell's equations and computing and rendering the nature of excited-state electrons using the solutions. The results can be displayed on visual or graphical media. The display can be static or dynamic such that electron spin and rotation motion can be displayed in an embodiment. The displayed information is useful to anticipate reactivity and physical properties. The insight into the nature of excited-state electrons can permit the solution and display of those of other atoms and atomic ions and provide utility to anticipate their reactivity and physical properties as well as spectral absorption and emission to lead to new optical materials and light sources.

Abstract: This invention is directed to compositions of matter comprising a hydride ion having a binding energy greater than about 0.8 eV. The claimed hydride ions may be combined with cations, including a proton, to form novel hydrides.

Abstract: Provided is a compound having at least one neutral, positive or negative increased binding energy species formed from a one-electron atom having an atomic mass of at least four and at least one other element. The increased binding energy species has a binding energy greater than the binding energy of the corresponding ordinary species, or greater than the binding energy of any species for which the corresponding ordinary species is unstable or is not observed because the ordinary increased binding energy species' binding energy is less than a thermal energy at ambient conditions, or is negative.

Abstract: Provided is an inverted population of hydrogen, formed from a novel catalytic reaction of hydrogen atoms to form lower-energy hydrogen. The inverted population of hydrogen is capable of lasing. The power may be utilized as laser light or the light due to stimulated or spontaneous emission may be converted to electricity with a pholon-to-electric converter such as a photovoltaic cell.

Abstract: A method and system of physically solving the charge, mass, and current density functions of atoms and atomic ions using Maxwell's equations and computing and rendering the nature of bound using the solutions. The results can be displayed on visual or graphical media. The display can be static or dynamic such that electron spin and rotation motion can be displayed in an embodiment. The displayed information is useful to anticipate reactivity and physical properties. The insight into the nature of bound electrons can permit the solution and display of other atoms and atomic ions and provide utility to anticipate their reactivity and physical properties.

Abstract: Compounds are provided comprising at least one neutral, positive, or negative hydrogen species having a binding energy greater than its corresponding ordinary hydrogen species, or greater than any hydrogen species for which the corresponding ordinary hydrogen species is unstable or is not observed. Compounds comprise at least one increased binding energy hydrogen species and at least one other atom, molecule, or ion other than an increased binding energy hydrogen species. One group of such compounds contains one or more increased binding energy hydrogen species selected from the group consisting of Hn, Hn?, and Hn+ where n is a positive integer, with the proviso that n is greater than 1 when H has a positive charge.

Abstract: A catalytic reaction of atomic hydrogen is provided which produces a more stable or lower energy atomic hydrogen atom than uncatalyzed atomic hydrogen. The catalyzed lower energy hydrogen atom may serve as a reactant of a disproportionation reaction whereby it which accepts energy from an second catalyzed lower energy hydrogen atom to cause a further release of energy as the first atom undergoes a nonradiative electronic transition to a higher energy level while the second undergoes a transition to a lower energy level. The catalytic reaction and disproportionation reaction of lower energy atomic hydrogen may produce light, plasma, power, and novel hydrogen compounds. The light, plasma, power and compound source comprises a cell for the catalysis of atomic hydrogen and disproportionation reactions of lower energy atomic hydrogen to form novel hydrogen species and compositions of matter comprising hydrogen that is more stable or lower energy than uncatalyzed hydrogen.

Abstract: This invention is directed to compositions of matter comprising a hydride ion having a binding energy greater than about 0.8 eV. The claimed hydride ions may be combined with cations, including a proton, to form novel hydrides.

Abstract: Compounds are provided comprising at least one neutral, positive, or negative hydrogen species having a binding energy greater than its corresponding ordinary hydrogen species, or greater than any hydrogen species for which the corresponding ordinary hydrogen species is unstable or is not observed. Compounds comprise at least one increased binding energy hydrogen species and at least one other atom, molecule, or ion other than an increased binding energy hydrogen species. One group of such compounds contains one or more increased binding energy hydrogen species selected from the group consisting of Hn, Hn?, and Hn+ where n is a positive integer, with the proviso that n is greater than 1 when H has a positive charge.

Abstract: Compounds are provided comprising at least one neutral, positive, or negative hydrogen species having a binding energy greater than its corresponding ordinary hydrogen species, or greater than any hydrogen species for which the corresponding ordinary hydrogen species is unstable or is not observed. Compounds comprise at least one increased binding energy hydrogen species and at least one other atom, molecule, or ion other than an increased binding energy hydrogen species. One group of such compounds contains one or more increased binding energy hydrogen species selected from the group consisting of Hn, Hn?, and Hn+ where n is an integer from one to three.

Abstract: A battery is provided containing increased binding energy hydrogen compounds as oxidants of the battery cathode half reaction. The oxidant compounds are provided comprising at least one neutral, positive, or negative hydrogen species having a binding energy greater than its corresponding ordinary hydrogen species, or greater than any hydrogen species for which the corresponding ordinary hydrogen species is unstable or is not observed. The oxidant compounds comprise at least one increased binding energy hydrogen species and at least one other atom, molecule, or ion other than an increased binding energy hydrogen species. The oxidant compound may comprise a cation Mn+ (where n is an integer) bound to an increased binding energy hydride ion such that the binding energy of the cation or atom M(n?1)+ is less than the binding energy of the hydride ion H - ? ( 1 p ) may serve as the oxidant.

Abstract: Provided is a thermionic cathode doped with an increased binding energy hydrogen species and a method of making the doped thermionic cathode.

Abstract: A reactor is provided to produce compounds comprising at least one neutral, positive, or negative increased binding energy hydrogen species having a binding energy greater than the binding energy of the corresponding ordinary hydrogen species, or greater than the binding energy of any hydrogen species for which the corresponding ordinary hydrogen species is unstable or is not observed; and at least one other element. The reactor comprises a vessel containing an electron source and a source of increased binding energy hydrogen atoms having a binding energy of about 13.6 ? ? eV ( 1 p ) 2 where p is an integer greater than 1. Electrons from said electron source react with increased binding energy hydrogen atoms from said source in said vessel thereby producing said compounds. The source of increased binding energy hydrogen atoms may be a hydrogen catalysis cell selected from a group consisting of an electrolytic cell, a gas cell, a gas discharge cell, and a plasma torch cell.

Abstract: Compounds are provided comprising at least one neutral, positive, or negative hydrogen species having a binding energy greater than its corresponding ordinary hydrogen species, or greater than any hydrogen species for which the corresponding ordinary hydrogen species is unstable or is not observed. Compounds comprise at least one increased binding energy hydrogen species and at least one other atom, molecule, or ion other than an increased binding energy hydrogen species. One group of such compounds contains one or more increased binding energy hydrogen species selected from the group consisting of Hn, Hn?, and Hn+ where n is an integer from one to three.