Abstract: Systems and methods of making lactobionic acid are described. The systems include two-compartment cation bipolar electrodialysis assemblies having at least one cell that includes a cation ion-exchange membrane and a bipolar membrane. The membranes define the borders of a pair of flow channels for a separate (i) caustic stream and (i) purified lactobionic acid stream. Lactobionate ions in the lactobionic acid stream do not cross a membrane in the electrodialysis assembly, which reduces membrane fouling. The methods include passing a lactobionate salt through a two-compartment cation bipolar electrodialysis assembly. The electrodialysis assembly includes at least one two-compartment cation bipolar membrane cell, and separates the lactobionate salt into a caustic compound and the lactobionic acid. The assembly is designed so the lactobionate ions do not cross an ion exchange membrane in the assembly to form the lactobionic acid, which reduces membrane fouling.

Abstract: Methods and systems for making a high-purity ?-lactalbumin composition are described. The composition may be made by providing a whey protein mixture, and adding an alkaline solution to the mixture to make the mixture alkaline and promote the aggregation of ß-lactoglobulin proteins. The alkaline whey protein mixture is filtered into a ß-LG aggregate composition and a ?-LA enriched composition. A final ?-lactalbumin enriched composition sourced from the ?-LA enriched composition is dried into the high-purity ?-lactalbumin composition (a powdered dairy composition) that is at least 70 wt. % ?-lactalbumin on a protein basis. A protease enzyme may optionally be added to the ?-LA enriched composition to form an enzymatically treated ?-LA enriched composition that becomes the source of the final ?-lactalbumin enriched composition.

Abstract: Systems and methods of making lactobionic acid are described. The systems include two-compartment cation bipolar electrodialysis assemblies having at least one cell that includes a cation ion-exchange membrane and a bipolar membrane. The membranes define the borders of a pair of flow channels for a separate (i) caustic stream and (i) purified lactobionic acid stream. Lactobionate ions in the lactobionic acid stream do not cross a membrane in the electrodialysis assembly, which reduces membrane fouling. The methods include passing a lactobionate salt through a two-compartment cation bipolar electrodialysis assembly. The electrodialysis assembly includes at least one two-compartment cation bipolar membrane cell, and separates the lactobionate salt into a caustic compound and the lactobionic acid. The assembly is designed so the lactobionate ions do not cross an ion exchange membrane in the assembly to form the lactobionic acid, which reduces membrane fouling.

Abstract: Methods and systems for making a high-purity ?-lactalbumin composition are described. The composition may be made by providing a whey protein mixture, and adding an alkaline solution to the mixture to make the mixture alkaline and promote the aggregation of ß-lactoglobulin proteins. The alkaline whey protein mixture is filtered into a ß-LG aggregate composition and a ?-LA enriched composition. A final ?-lactalbumin enriched composition sourced from the ?-LA enriched composition is dried into the high-purity ?-lactalbumin composition (a powdered dairy composition) that is at least 70 wt. % ?-lactalbumin on a protein basis. A protease enzyme may optionally be added to the ?-LA enriched composition to form an enzymatically treated ?-LA enriched composition that becomes the source of the final ?-lactalbumin enriched composition.