Abstract: The present invention relates to an allele designated alpha-WOLF 26 which confers resistance to at least one Peronospora effusa race, wherein the protein encoded by said allele is a CC-NBS-LRR protein that comprises in its amino acid sequence: a) the motif “MAEIGYSVC” (SEQ ID NO: 1) at its N-terminus; and b) the motif “KWMCLR” (SEQ ID NO: 2); and wherein the LRR domain of the protein has in order of increased preference at least 91%, 91.5%, 92%, 92.5%, 93%, 93.5%, 94%, 94.5%, 95%, 95.5%, 96%, 96.5%, 97%, 97.5%, 98%, 98.5%, 99%, 99.5%, 100% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 10. The allele when homozygously present in a spinach plant confers complete resistance to at least Peronospora effusa race Pe: 7, Pe: 10, Pe: 11, Pe: 12, Pe: 13, Pe: 14, Pe: 15, Pe: 16, Pe: 17, and does not confer resistance to downy mildew race Pe: 8 and Pe: 9.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an allele designated alpha-WOLF 26 which confers resistance to at least one Peronospora farinosa f. sp. spinacea race, wherein the protein encoded by said allele is a CC-NBS-LRR protein that may comprise in its amino acid sequence: a) the motif “MAEIGYSVC” SEQ ID NO: 1 at its N-terminus; and b) the motif “KWMCLR” SEQ ID NO: 2; and wherein the LRR domain of the protein has in order of increased preference at least 91%, 91.5%, 92%, 92.5%, 93%, 93.5%, 94%, 94.5%, 95%, 95.5%, 96%, 96.5%, 97%, 97.5%, 98%, 98.5%, 99%, 99.5%, 100% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 10. The allele when present in a spinach plant confers complete resistance to at least Peronospora farinosa f. sp. spinacea race Pfs:7, Pfs:10, Pfs:11, Pfs:12, Pfs:13, Pfs:14, Pfs:15, Pfs:16, Pfs:17, and does not confer resistance to downy mildew race Pfs:8 and Pfs:9.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an allele designated alpha-WOLF 27 which confers resistance to at least one Peronospora effusa race, wherein the protein encoded by said allele is a CC-NBS-LRR protein that comprises in its amino acid sequence: a) the motif “MAEIGYSVC” (SEQ ID NO: 1) at its N-terminus; and b) the motif “KWMCLR” (SEQ ID NO: 2); and wherein the LRR domain of the protein has in order of increased preference at least 95%, 95.5%, 96%, 96.5%, 97%, 97.5%, 98%, 98.5%, 99%, 99.5%, 100% sequence similarity to SEQ ID NO: 10. The allele when present in a spinach plant homozygously confers complete resistance to at least Peronospora effusa race Pe: 7, Pe: 8, Pe: 9, Pe: 11, Pe: 12, Pe: 13, Pe: 14, Pe: 15, Pe: 17.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a nucleic acid molecule encoding an MeR1 protein, which confers resistance to root-knot nematode when present in a plant of the Solanaceae family, wherein said nucleic acid molecule has a nucleotide sequence which is a nucleotide sequence which may comprise a coding sequence according to SEQ ID NO: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9, or a coding sequence which has at least 90% sequence identity with the sequence according to SEQ ID NO: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9; or a nucleotide sequence encoding a protein having an amino acid sequence according to SEQ ID NO: 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 or 17, or a protein having an amino acid sequence which has at least 85% sequence identity with the amino acid sequence according to SEQ ID NO: 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 or 17. The invention further relates to plants and seeds which may comprise the nucleic acid molecule, methods for making and identifying such plants and use of the nucleic acid molecule.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an allele designated alpha-WOLF 24 which confers resistance to at least one Peronospora farinosa f. sp. spinacea race, wherein the protein encoded by said allele is a CC-NBS-LRR protein that comprises in its amino acid sequence: a) the motif “MAEIGYSVC” (SEQ ID NO: 1) at its N-terminus; and b) the motif “KWMCLR” (SEQ ID NO: 2); and wherein the LRR domain of the protein has in order of increased preference at least 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 98.2%, 98.5%, 98.8%, 99%, 100% sequence similarity to SEQ ID NO: 10. The allele when present in a spinach plant confers complete resistance to at least Peronospora farinosa f. sp. spinacea race Pfs:1, Pfs:2, Pfs:5, Pfs:6, Pfs:7, Pfs:9, Pfs:11, Pfs:13, Pfs:15 and Pfs:17, and does not confer resistance to downy mildew race Pfs: 16.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an allele designated alpha-WOLF 25 which confers resistance to at least one Peronospora farinosa f. sp. spinacea race, wherein the protein encoded by said allele is a CC-NB S-LRR protein that comprises in its amino acid sequence: a) the motif “MAEIGYSVC” at its N-terminus; and b) the motif “KWMCLR”; and wherein the LRR domain of the protein has in order of increased preference at least 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100% sequence similarity to SEQ ID NO: 5. The allele when present in a spinach plant confers complete resistance to at least Peronospora farinosa f sp. spinacea race Pfs:8, Pfs15 and Pfs:16, and does not confer resistance to Pfs:3.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a modified CCA gene which encodes a CCA-adding enzyme, which modified CCA gene leads to resistance against a positive-strand RNA virus having a transfer RNA-like structure (TLS). The invention further relates to plants and seeds comprising the modified genes, methods for making and identifying such plants and use of the gene.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an allele designated alpha-WOLF 27 which confers resistance to at least one Peronospora farinosa f. sp. spinacea race, wherein the protein encoded by said allele is a CC-NBS-LRR protein that may comprise in its amino acid sequence: a) the motif “MAEIGYSVC” SEQ ID NO: 1 at its N-terminus; and b) the motif “KWMCLR” SEQ ID NO: 2; and wherein the LRR domain of the protein has in order of increased preference at least 95%, 95.5%, 96%, 96.5%, 97%, 97.5%, 98%, 98.5%, 99%, 99.5%, 100% sequence similarity to SEQ ID NO: 10. The allele when present in a spinach plant confers complete resistance to at least Peronospora farinosa f. sp. spinacea race Pfs:7, Pfs:8, Pfs:9, Pfs:11, Pfs:12, Pfs:13, Pfs:14, Pfs:15, Pfs:17.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a genetic determinant which may comprise at least two copies of a combination of two closely linked RDR1 genes, which two closely linked RDR1 genes are inversely oriented, and which genetic determinant leads to virus resistance when present in a plant. In one embodiment, of the RDR1 genes in the combination is represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 or has at least 70% sequence identity, and one of the RDR1 genes in the combination is represented by SEQ ID NO: 3 or has at least 70% sequence identity; or one of the RDR1 genes in the combination encodes a protein represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 or a protein that has at least 70% sequence identity, and one of the RDR1 genes encodes a protein represented by SEQ ID NO: 4 or a protein that has at least 70% sequence identity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for modifying the resistance profile of a spinach plant to Peronospora farinosa f. sp. spinaciae, comprising introducing a WOLF allele or a resistance-conferring part thereof into the genome of said spinach plant, or modifying an endogenous WOLF allele in the genome of said spinach plant. The invention further provides a method for selecting a spinach plant comprising a novel WOLF gene that confers resistance to Peronospora farinosa f. sp. spinaciae in a spinach plant and a method for identifying a WOLF allele that confers resistance to one or more pathogenic races of Peronospora farinosa f. sp. spinaciae in a spinach plant and to primers for use in these methods.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for modifying the resistance profile of a spinach plant to Peronospora farinosa f sp. spinaciae, comprising introducing a WOLF allele or a resistance-conferring part thereof into the genome of said spinach plant, or modifying an endogenous WOLF allele in the genome of said spinach plant. A WOLF allele encodes a CC-NBS-LRR protein that comprises in its amino acid sequence: the motif “MAEIGYSVC” at its N-terminus, and the motif “KWMCLR” for alpha-type WOLF proteins or “HVGCVVDR” for beta-type WOLF proteins. The invention relates to the WOLF alleles referred to in Table 3. The invention further provides a method for selecting a spinach plant comprising a novel WOLF gene that confers resistance to Peronospora farinosa f sp. spinaciae in a spinach plant and a method for identifying a WOLF allele that confers resistance to one or more pathogenic races of Peronospora farinosa f. sp. spinaciae in a spinach plant and to primers for use in these methods.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an allele designated alpha-WOLF 27 which confers resistance to at least one Peronospora farinosa f. sp. spinacea race, wherein the protein encoded by said allele is a CC-NBS-LRR protein that may comprise in its amino acid sequence: a) the motif “MAEIGYSVC” SEQ ID NO: 1 at its N-terminus; and b) the motif “KWMCLR” SEQ ID NO: 2; and wherein the LRR domain of the protein has in order of increased preference at least 95%, 95.5%, 96%, 96.5%, 97%, 97.5%, 98%, 98.5%, 99%, 99.5%, 100% sequence similarity to SEQ ID NO: 10. The allele when present in a spinach plant confers complete resistance to at least Peronospora farinosa f. sp. spinacea race Pfs:7, Pfs:8, Pfs:9, Pfs:11, Pfs:12, Pfs:13, Pfs:14, Pfs:15, Pfs:17.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an allele designated alpha-WOLF 26 which confers resistance to at least one Peronospora farinosa f. sp. spinacea race, wherein the protein encoded by said allele is a CC-NBS-LRR protein that may comprise in its amino acid sequence: a) the motif “MAEIGYSVC” SEQ ID NO: 1 at its N-terminus; and b) the motif “KWMCLR” SEQ ID NO: 2; and wherein the LRR domain of the protein has in order of increased preference at least 91%, 91.5%, 92%, 92.5%, 93%, 93.5%, 94%, 94.5%, 95%, 95.5%, 96%, 96.5%, 97%, 97.5%, 98%, 98.5%, 99%, 99.5%, 100% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 10. The allele when present in a spinach plant confers complete resistance to at least Peronospora farinosa f. sp. spinacea race Pfs:7, Pfs:10, Pfs:11, Pfs:12, Pfs:13, Pfs:14, Pfs:15, Pfs:16, Pfs:17, and does not confer resistance to downy mildew race Pfs:8 and Pfs:9.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for modifying the resistance profile of a spinach plant to Peronospora farinosa f. sp. spinaciae, comprising introducing a WOLF allele or a resistance-conferring part thereof into the genome of said spinach plant, or modifying an endogenous WOLF allele in the genome of said spinach plant. The invention further provides a method for selecting a spinach plant comprising a novel WOLF gene that confers resistance to Peronospora farinosa f. sp. spinaciae in a spinach plant and a method for identifying a WOLF allele that confers resistance to one or more pathogenic races of Peronospora farinosa f. sp. spinaciae in a spinach plant and to primers for use in these methods.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an allele designated alpha-CMV which confers resistance to CMV when present in a spinach plant, wherein the protein encoded by said allele is a CC-NBS-LRR protein that comprises in its amino acid sequence: a) the motif “MAEIGYSVC” (SEQ ID NO: 22) at its N-terminus; and b) the motif “KWMCLR” (SEQ ID NO: 23); and c) an LRR domain that has in order of increased preference at least 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100% sequence similarity to SEQ ID NO: 10. The allele has a genomic nucleotide sequence which in order of increased preference has at least 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100% sequence similarity to SEQ ID NO: 1. The invention further relates to plants comprising the allele and to various methods involving the allele.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an allele designated alpha-WOLF 15 which confers resistance to at least one Peronospora farinosa f. Sp. spinacea race, wherein the protein encoded by said allele is a CC-NBS-LRR protein that comprises in its amino acid sequence: a) the motif “MAEIGYSVC” (SEQ ID NO: 13) at its N-terminus; and b) the motif “KWMCLR” (SEQ ID NO: 14); and wherein the LRR domain of the protein has in order of increased preference at least 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100% sequence similarity to SEQ ID NO: 10. The allele when homozygously present in a spinach plant confers complete resistance to Peronospora farinosa f. Sp. spinacea races pfs:1, pfs:2, pfs:3, pfs:4 and pfs:5, pfs:6, pfs:8, pfs:9, pfs:11, pfs:12, pfs:13, pfs:14, pfs:15, pfs:16 and isolates UA1014 and US1508, and confers intermediate resistance to pfs:10, and does not confer resistance to pfs:7.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an allele designated alpha-WOLF 8 which confers resistance to at least one Peronospora farinosa f. Sp. spinacea race, wherein the protein encoded by said allele is a CC-NB S-LRR protein that comprises in its amino acid sequence: a) the motif “MAEIGYSVC” (SEQ ID NO: 15) at its N-terminus; and b) the motif “KWMCLR” (SEQ ID NO: 16); and wherein the LRR domain of the protein has in order of increased preference at least 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100% sequence similarity to SEQ ID NO: 12. When the allele is homozygously present in a spinach plant confers complete resistance to Peronospora farinosa f. Sp. spinacea races pfs:1, pfs:2, pfs:6, pfs:8 and pfs:15, and isolate US1508, and confers intermediate resistance to pfs:5, pfs:10 and pfs:16, and does not confer resistance to pfs:3, pfs:4, pfs:7, pfs:9, pfs:11, pfs:12, pfs:13 and pfs:14.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an allele designated alpha-CMV which confers resistance to CMV when present in a spinach plant, wherein the protein encoded by said allele is a CC-NBS-LRR protein that comprises in its amino acid sequence: a) the motif “MAEIGYSVC” (SEQ ID NO: 22) at its N-terminus; and b) the motif “KWMCLR” (SEQ ID NO: 23); and c) an LRR domain that has in order of increased preference at least 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100% sequence similarity to SEQ ID NO: 10. The allele has a genomic nucleotide sequence which in order of increased preference has at least 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100% sequence similarity to SEQ ID NO: 1. The invention further relates to plants comprising the allele and to various methods involving the allele.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an allele designated alpha-WOLF 24 which confers resistance to at least one Peronospora farinosa f. sp. spinacea race, wherein the protein encoded by said allele is a CC-NBS-LRR protein that comprises in its amino acid sequence: a) the motif “MAEIGYSVC” SEQ ID NO: 1 at its N-terminus; and b) the motif “KWMCLR” SEQ ID NO: 2; and wherein the LRR domain of the protein has in order of increased preference at least 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 98.2%, 98.5%, 98.8%, 99%, 100% sequence similarity to SEQ ID NO: 10. The allele when present in a spinach plant confers complete resistance to at least Peronospora farinosa f. sp. spinacea race Pfs:1, Pfs:2, Pfs:5, Pfs:6, Pfs:7, Pfs:9, Pfs:11, Pfs:13, Pfs:15 and Pfs:17, and does not confer resistance to downy mildew race Pfs:16.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a modified gene that provides resistance to Cucurbit Yellow Stunting Disorder virus (CYSDV) when present in a plant of the Cucurbitaceae family. The invention further relates to progeny, seed, and fruit of the plant that is resistant against CYSDV. The invention also relates to propagation material suitable for producing the plant that is resistant to CYSDV. Additionally, the invention relates to methods for producing, identifying, and selecting a plant of the Cucurbitaceae family having resistance against CYSDV.