Abstract: The invention has compositions of matter and process aspects.The compositions of matter aspects relate to a class of new organic compounds, viz., intermediates which are sulfur and nitrogen containing hydrocarbons covalently bonded to trialkoxysilane and those intermediates covalently bonded to a solid inorganic support such as silica.The process aspect comprises two processes, viz., (1) a process for making the new class of compounds, and (2) the process of removing and/or concentrating certain ions such as noble metal ions and other transition metal ions, from solutions thereof admixed with other ions which may be present in much higher concentrations by forming a complex of the desired ion(s) with a compound as stated, e.g., by flowing the solution through a column packed with the compound, breaking the complex, e.g., by flowing a receiving liquid through the column to remove the desired ion(s) in solution in the receiving liquid and recovering the desired ion(s) from the receiving liquid.

Abstract: A method and composition for the concentration and removal of desired metal ions from a source solution by contacting the solution with an N-cyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-containing ligand covalently bonded to a solid support through a hydrophilic spacer of the formula SS--A--X--(L).sub.n where SS is a solid support, A is covalent linkage mechanism, X is a hydrophilic spacer grouping, L is an N-cyclic aromatic containing ligand group and n is an integer of 1 to 6. X or L combined will not contain more than two amine nitrogen atoms. There will preferably be at least four N-cyclic groups present of which pyridine, pyrimidine, pyraxine, imidazole, quinoline, isoquinoline, naphthyridine, pyridopyridine, phenanthroline are representative.

Abstract: A method for the removal and concentration of desired ions such as Pd(II), Ru(III), Pd(IV), Au(III), Au(I), Ag(I), and Hg(II) from a multiple ion source solution which may contain larger concentrations of other undesired ions including H.sup.+ comprises bringing the source solution into contact with a compound comprising a sulfur and electron withdrawing group containing ligand covalently bonded through an organic spacer silicon grouping to a solid inorganic support. The sulfur and electron withdrawing group containing ligand portion(s) of the compound has an affinity for the desired ions to form a complex thereby removing the desired ions from the source solution. The desired ions are removed from the compound by contacting the compound with a much smaller volume of a receiving solution having a greater affinity for the desired ions than does the sulfur and electron withdrawing group containing ligand portion of the compound.

Abstract: A method for the removal and concentration of desired ions from a source solution which may contain larger concentrations of other ions including H.sup.+ comprises bringing the source solution into contact with a compound comprising a polytetraalkylammonium and/or polytrialkylamine-containing ligand covalently bonded through an organic spacer silicon grouping to a solid inorganic support. The polytetraalkylammonium and/or polytrialkylamine portion(s) of the compound has an affinity for the desired ions to form a complex thereby removing the desired ions from the source solution. The desired ions are removed from the compound by contacting the compound with a much smaller volume of a receiving solution having a greater affinity for the desired ions than does the polytetraalkylammonium and/or polytrialkylamine ligand portion of the compound. The concentrated ions thus removed may be recovered by known methods.

Abstract: A method for the removal and concentration of desired ions such as Pd(II), Ru(III), Pd(IV), Au(III), Au(I), Ag(I), and Hg(II) from a multiple ion source solution which may contain larger concentrations of other undesired ions including H.sup.+ comprises bringing the source solution into contact with a compound comprising a sulfur and electron withdrawing group containing ligand covalently bonded through an organic spacer silicon grouping to a solid inorganic support. The sulfur and electron withdrawing group containing ligand portion(s) of the compound has an affinity for the desired ions to form a complex thereby removing the desired ions from the source solution. The desired ions are removed from the compound by contacting the compound with a much smaller volume of a receiving solution having a greater affinity for the desired ions than does the sulfur and electron withdrawing group containing ligand portion of the compound.

Abstract: A method for the removal and concentration of desired ions such as Sb.sup.3+, Zr.sup.4+, Zn.sup.2+, Pu.sup.4+, Hf.sup.4+, Cu.sup.2+, Ni.sup.2+, Fe.sup.3+, Cd.sup.2+, Ag.sup.+, and Hg.sup.2+ from a multiple ion source solution which may contain larger concentrations of other undesired ions including H.sup.+ comprises bringing the source solution into contact with a compound comprising an aminoalkylphosphonic acid containing ligand covalently bonded through an organic spacer silicon grouping to a solid inorganic support. The aminoalkylphosphonic acid containing ligand portion(s) of the compound has an affinity for the desired ions to form a complex thereby removing the desired ions from the source solution. The desired ions are removed from the compound by contacting the compound with a much smaller volume of a receiving solution having a greater affinity for the desired ions than does the aminoalkylphosphonic acid containing ligand portion of the compound.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the quantitative removal and concentration of desired molecules or ions, such as gases, anions and amino acids, from a source solution which may contain larger concentrations of other molecules. The method comprises bringing the source solution into contact with a solid cation-ligand-matrix consisting of a cation complexed to a ligand molecule covalently bonded to a matrix consisting of an organic spacer bonded to a solid inorganic support through a silicon atom. The cation has an affinity for the desired molecules to form a complex between the desired molecules and the cation portion of the solid cation-ligand-matrix at binding sites initially held by H.sub.2 O or other weakly coordinated ligands or via ion pairing.

Abstract: A method for the removal and concentration of desired ions from a source solution which may contain larger concentrations of other ions including H.sup.+ comprises bringing the source solution into contact with a compound comprising a polytetraalkylammonium and/or polytrialkylamine-containing ligand covalently bonded through an organic spacer silicon grouping to a solid inorganic support. The polytetraalkylammonium and/or polytrialkylamine portion(s) of the compound has an affinity for the desired ions to form a complex thereby removing the desired ions from the source solution. The desired ions are removed from the compound by contacting the compound with a much smaller volume of a receiving solution having a greater affinity for the desired ions than does the polytetraalkylammonium and/or polytrialkylamine ligand portion of the compound. The concentrated ions thus removed may be recovered by known methods.

Abstract: A method for the removal and concentration of desired ions such as Pd(II), Ru(III), Pd(IV), Au(III), Au(I), Ag(I), and Hg(II) from a multiple ion source solution which may contain larger concentrations of other undesired ions including H.sup.+ comprises bringing the source solution into contact with a compound comprising a sulfur and electron withdrawing group containing ligand covalently bonded through an organic spacer silicon grouping to a solid inorganic support. The sulfur and electron withdrawing group containing ligand portion(s) of the compound has an affinity for the desired ions to form a complex thereby removing the desired ions from the source solution. The desired ions are removed from the compound by contacting the compound with a much smaller volume of a receiving solution having a greater affinity for the desired ions than does the sulfur and electron withdrawing group containing ligand portion of the compound.

Abstract: A method for the removal and concentration of desired ions such as Sb.sup.3+, Zr.sup.4+, Zn.sup.2+, Pu.sup.4+, Hf.sup.4+, Cu.sup.2+, Ni.sup.2+, Fe.sup.3+, Cd.sup.2+, Ag.sup.+, and Hg.sup.2+ from a multiple ion source solution which may contain larger concentrations of other undesired ions including H.sup.+ comprises bringing the source solution into contact with a compound comprising an aminoalkylphosphonic acid containing ligand covalently bonded through an organic spacer silicon grouping to a solid inorganic support. The aminoalkylphosphonic acid containing ligand portion(s) of the compound has an affinity for the desired ions to form a complex thereby removing the desired ions from the source solution. The desired ions are removed from the compound by contacting the compound with a much smaller volume of a receiving solution having a greater affinity for the desired ions than does the aminoalkylphosphonic acid containing ligand portion of the compound.

Abstract: A process of separating one or more seleced species of ions from a solution containing the ions comprises contacting the solution with a novel composition of matter comprising a hydrocarbon chain covalently bonded to a macrocyclic compound, wherein the macrocyclic compound has at least four --A--C--C-- linkages in which A for each such linkage, is independently selected from the group consisting of O, O--CH.sub.2, S, SH.sub.2, NR, and NRCH.sub.2, with R being independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl and benzyl, and wherein the hydrocarbon chain has an end group ##STR1## with X being independently selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl, benzyl, phenyl, halogen, O--CH.sub.3, O--C.sub.2 H.sub.5 and O-matrix, and with matrix being independently selected from the group consisting of silica, silica gel, glass, glass fibers, titania, zirconia, alumina and nickle oxide.

Abstract: A method of selectively and quantitatively removing and concentrating at least one selected ion from a multiple ion solution in which other ions are present is disclosed. The method comprises(a) bringing a complexing agent for the selected ion(s) into contact with the multiple ion solution to remove and concentrate selected ion(s) from the multiple ion solution, wherein the complexing agent is selected from the group of macrocyclic compounds having at least four --A--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 -- groups in which A is selected from O, O--CH.sub.2, S, S--CH.sub.2, N--R and N--R--CH.sub.2 in which R is selected from H, lower alkyl and benzyl, with the macrocyclic compounds further having a hydrocarbon side chain having an end group ##STR1## in which X is selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl, benzyl, phenyl, halogen, O--CH.sub.3, O--C.sub.2 H.sub.

Abstract: A method for the removal and concentration of desired ions such as Pd(II), Pt(IV), Pt(II), Pd(IV), Ru(III), Ru(II), Au(III), Os(IV), Au(I), Cu(I), Cu(II), Ag(I), and Hg(II) from a multiple ion source solution which may contain larger concentrations of other undesired ions including H.sup.+ comprises bringing the source solution into contact with a compound comprising a thiol and/or thioether aralkyl nitrogen-containing ligand covalently bonded through an organic spacer silicon grouping to a solid inorganic support. The thiol and/or thioether aralkyl nitrogen-containing ligand portion(s) of the compound has an affinity for the desired ions to form a complex thereby removing the desired ions from the source solution. The desired ions are removed from the compound by contacting the compound with a much smaller volume of a receiving solution having a greater affinity for the desired ions than does the thiol and/or thioether aralkyl nitrogen-containing ligand portion of the compound.

Abstract: A method for the removal, separation, and concentration of Rh, Ir, and/or Ru from a source solution which may contain larger concentrations of other ions including H.sup.+ comprises bringing the source solution into contact with a compound comprising a polyalkylene-polyamine-containing ligand covalently bonded through an organic spacer silicon grouping to a solid inorganic support. The ligand portion(s) of the compound has affinity for complexed anionic species of Rh, Ir, and/or Ru thereby removing them from the source solution. The Rh and/or Ru are first selectively removed from the compound through contact with a much smaller volume of a first receiving solution which changes the Rh and/or Ru speciation to have no affinity for the ligand portion of the compound.

Abstract: Compositions of matter are disclosed comprising nitrogen containing hydrocarbons which are modified with at least one of the elements selected from the group consisting of sulfur, phosphorus an arsenic, with the modified hydrocarbons being covalently bonded to trialkoxysilane. These modified hydrocarbons are further covalently bonded to a solid inorganic support such as silica to form a solid complexing agent. The complexing agents are particularly useful in a process of removing and/or concentrating certain ions, such as noble metal ions and other transition metal ions, from solutions thereof admixed with other ions by forming a complex of the desired ion(s) with the complexing agent. The solution preferably flow through a column packed with the complexing agent to form the complex of the desired ion(s).

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the quantitative removal and concentration of desired transition metal ions from a source solution which may contain larger concentrations of other metal and H.sup.+ ions. The method comprises bringing the source solution into contact with a compound comprising a pyridine containing ligand covalently bonded through an organic spacer silicon grouping to a solid inorganic support. The pyridine portion(s) of the compound has an affinity for the desired metal ions to form a complex thereby removing the desired metal ions from the source solution. The desired metal ions are removed from the compound by contacting the compound with a much smaller volume of a receiving solution having a greater affinity for the desired metal ions than does the pyridine ligand portion of the compound. The concentrated metal ions thus removed may be recovered by known methods.

Abstract: The invention has compositions of matter and process aspects.The compositions of matter aspects relate to a class of new organic compounds, viz., intermediates which are sulfur and nitrogen containing hydrocarbons covalently bonded to trialkoxysilane and those intermediates covalently bonded to a solid inorganic support such as silica.The process aspect comprises two processes, viz., (1) a process for making the new class of compounds, and (2) the process of removing and/or concentrating certain ions such as noble metal ions and other transition metal ions, from solutions thereof admixed with other ions which may be present in much higher concentrations by forming a complex of the desired ion(s) with a compound as stated, e.g., by flowing the solution through a column packed with the compound, breaking the complex, e.g., by flowing a receiving liquid through the column to remove the desired ion(s) in solution in the receiving liquid and recovering the desired ion(s) from the receiving liquid.

Abstract: The invention has compositions of matter and process aspects.The compositions of matter aspect relate to two classes of new organic compounds, viz., A. intermediates which are sulfur-containing hydrocarbons covalently bonded to trialkoxysilane and B. that class of intermediates covalently bonded to an inorganic matrix, e.g., silica, silica gel, glass, glass fibers, alumina, nickel oxide, zirconia, and titania. The process aspect comprises two processes, viz., (1) a process for making the two new classes of compounds A and B, and (2) the process of removing and concentrating certain ions, such as noble metal ions and other transition metal ions, from solution thereof admixed with other ions which may be present in much higher concentrations by forming a complex of the desired ion(s) with a compound of class B, e.g., by flowing the solution through a chromatography column packed with the compound, breaking the complex, e.g.

Abstract: The invention is a process of selectively and quantitatively removing and concentrating at least one selected ion prosent in low concentration with other ions in higher concentration in a multiple ion solution. The method comprises bringing a complexing agent for the selected ion(s) into contact with a different determined quantity of said multiple ion solution to remove and concentrate the selected ion(s) from the multiple ion solution; removing the multiple ion solution, from which the complexing agent has been removed, the selected ions from the complexing agent having the selected ion(s) complexed therewith, bringing the complexing agent complexed with selected ion(s) into contact with a determined quantity of receiving liquid to break the complex and remove the selected and concentrated ion(s) from the complexing agent therein, and determining the concentration of selected ion(s) in said receiving liquid from which the concentration of selected ion(s) in the multiple ion solution can be calculated.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition of matter comprising compounds selected from the class consisting of ##STR1## and ##STR2## This process can be carried out in these ways: (A) as ligands in a liquid membrane phase for selectively; and competitively separating desired metal ions from mixtures with other ions in a separate source phase and transporting these ions to a separate receiving phase, with both of which the liquid membrane phase is in interfacial contact long enough to effect substantial removal of the desired ions from the source phase and transporting them to the receiving phase from which they are recovered, (B) as covalently bonded to silica gel supported in a column through which the multiple ion solution is first flowed, followed by receiving liquid, and (C) as ligand in an organic liquid filling pores or apertures in the wall of a hollow fiber in a bundle of hollow fibers on opposite sides of which flow the multiple ion solution and the receiving liquid.