Abstract: The present invention relates to a container for holding bulk material, having a closable inlet for the bulk material in the upper closure of the container, a cross-sectional geometry narrowing in the outlet direction for the bulk material, an outlet tube for the bulk material arranged subsequently in the outlet direction, a first reversible mechanical closure device (A), which is arranged in the transition region from the container body to the outlet tube or in the outlet tube itself and, by opening, releases the bulk material from the interior of the container, and a second closure device (B) which reversibly closes the mouth of the outlet tube, the second closure device being a cover which is pressed flush onto the mouth of the outlet tube by means of a closure device, there being a seal which seals the outlet tube in a gas- and liquid-tight fashion from the external environment at least on the contact surface of the cover with the mouth degree of the outlet tube, wherein the cover is screwed onto or is pr

Abstract: The present invention relates to a container for holding bulk material, having a closable inlet for the bulk material in the upper closure of the container, a cross-sectional geometry narrowing in the outlet direction for the bulk material, an outlet tube for the bulk material arranged subsequently in the outlet direction, a first reversible mechanical closure device (A), which is arranged in the transition region from the container body to the outlet tube or in the outlet tube itself and, by opening, releases the bulk material from the interior of the container, and a second closure device (B) which reversibly closes the mouth of the outlet tube, the second closure device being a cover which is pressed flush onto the mouth of the outlet tube by means of a closure device, there being a seal which seals the outlet tube in a gas- and liquid-tight fashion from the external environment at least on the contact surface of the cover with the mouth degree of the outlet tube, wherein the cover is screwed onto or is pr

Abstract: For operating a plant having at least one open- and/or closed-loop heating control device for heating elements, values for an energy consumption and/or an instantaneous power draw of the heating elements are determined, without using measured values for electric currents, on the basis of characteristic parameters of the heating elements and on the basis of values of open- and/or closed-loop control variables for the open- and/or closed-loop control of a heat output of the heating elements. This enables the network load to be determined, reported and optimized by the open- and/or closed-loop heating control devices even without complex and therefore expensive measuring devices in the open- and/or closed-loop heating control device.

Abstract: Power outputs in a heating control and/or regulation device are each electrically connectable to a heating element, especially a radiant heater. A power input is able to be connected electrically to a power supply for the heating elements. A power distribution device is connected electrically on its input side to the power input and is connected electrically on its output side via a branch to each of the power outputs to supply the power outputs with electric power from the power supply. A switching element is disposed in each of the branches or between each of the power outputs and the heating elements. A control and/or regulation unit is configured such that it controls and/or regulates the switching state of the switching elements as a function of set values. An interface receiving set values has at least one additional connection to a temperature measurement device that measures actual values of temperature.

Abstract: An electric heater (4) of a synthetic-material molding system (2) defines a current path (6) that includes a first measuring pickup (20), a second measuring pickup (22), a switch (16) and a third measuring pickup (24), all connected in series, wherein a heating element (14) is connected between the first measuring pickup (20) and the second measuring pickup (22). The electric heater (4) also has a diagnostic path (28) that includes a first diagnostic pickup (30), a first voltage measuring device (52), a second diagnostic pickup (32), a second voltage measuring device (54) and a third diagnostic pickup (34), all connected in series.

Abstract: An electric heater (4) of a synthetic-material molding system (2) defines a current path (6) that includes a first measuring pickup (20), a second measuring pickup (22), a switch (16) and a third measuring pickup (24), all connected in series, wherein a heating element (14) is connected between the first measuring pickup (20) and the second measuring pickup (22). The electric heater (4) also has a diagnostic path (28) that includes a first diagnostic pickup (30), a first voltage measuring device (52), a second diagnostic pickup (32), a second voltage measuring device (54) and a third diagnostic pickup (34), all connected in series.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for determining at least one first coordinate of the point of contact of a ball on the strings of a ball game racquet, as well as a ball game racquet suitable for carrying out such a process.

Abstract: Power outputs in a heating control and/or regulation device are each electrically connectable to a heating element, especially a radiant heater. A power input is electrically connectable to a power supply for the heating elements and is connected a power distribution device that has an output connected to the power outputs via respective branches. A switching element in each branch or between each of the power outputs and the heating elements is controlled by a control and/or regulation unit as a function of required values. An interface receiving required values has at least one connection to a temperature measurement device that measures actual values of temperature that are supplied to the control and/or regulation unit which controls and/or regulates the switching state of the switching elements as a function of these actual values of the temperature.

Abstract: A housing has first and second communication interfaces, first and second voltage supply interfaces for voltage supply of the power module, power outputs, each connected to a heating element, and a power input electrically attached to a voltage supply for the heating elements. Enclosed by the housing is a power distribution device electrically connected on the input side to the power input and electrically connected on the output side via branches to the power outputs to supply these with electrical current. A switch element is provided in each branch. Switching states of the switch elements are controlled based on heating power reference values of the heating elements. Reference values are received via the first communication interface, with those intended for the power module being used to control the switch elements and those not intended for the power module being forwarded to the second communication interface.

Abstract: For operating a plant having at least one open- and/or closed-loop heating control device for heating elements, values for an energy consumption and/or an instantaneous power draw of the heating elements are determined, without using measured values for electric currents, on the basis of characteristic parameters of the heating elements and on the basis of values of open- and/or closed-loop control variables for the open- and/or closed-loop control of a heat output of the heating elements. This enables the network load to be determined, reported and optimized by the open- and/or closed-loop heating control devices even without complex and therefore expensive measuring devices in the open- and/or closed-loop heating control device.

Abstract: A device and a method for chemically or electrolytically treating work pieces (1) are proposed in an effort to avoid irregular contours of finest conductive structures, pads and lands as well as bridges (shorts) on the one side or breaks on printed circuit boards on the other side. The device comprises processing tanks (2) for the treating of work pieces and a conveyor system for the transport thereof. The conveyor system comprises at least one transport carriage (18), at least one holding element (14, 25) and at least one connection means (12, 13, 35) between the transport carriage(s) and the holding element(s). The processing tanks adjoined with a clean room zone (3). The work pieces are conveyed through the clean room zone using the conveyor system.

Abstract: Apparatus for the electrolytic treatment of the product L using a treatment agent is used to make the treatment of a plate-shaped product more uniform. This apparatus includes devices 40, 42 for retaining the product L in the apparatus, one or more flow devices 10, which each include at least one nozzle 15 and are disposed situated opposite the product L, one or more counter electrodes 30, which are inert relative to the treatment agent and are disposed parallel to at least one treatment surface, eccentric motor means for generating a relative movement 44 between the product L, on the side, and the flow devices 10 and/or the counter electrodes 30, on the other side, in at least one direction parallel to a treatment surface. The product L can be immersed in the treatment agent during treatment.

Abstract: Vertical system for the plating treatment of a work piece, the system comprising at least two treatment modules, wherein retaining devices for the work pieces are provided in the treatment modules, and at least one transport device including at least one gripping device, which retains the work piece and has a respective fastening device, and each fastening device comprises first and second clamping devices, each associated with one side of the work piece, wherein both the first and second clamping devices are displaceable for gripping and releasing the work pieces, wherein the gripping device comprises at least two fastening devices that are spaced apart from one another, each of the first and second clamping devices are moveable torsion bars as a result of which the work piece is tensioned between the fastening devices during clamping parallel to its first side.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of sodium dithionite, comprising the steps (a) provision of a synthesis batch comprising sodium formate, sulfur dioxide and an alkaline sodium compound in aqueous methanolic solution with formation of a sodium dithionite mother liquor, (b) isolation of sodium dithionite from the sodium dithionite mother liquor, a residual mother liquor being obtained, (c) separation of methanol from the residual mother liquor, (d) separation of the residual mother liquor into a thiosulfate-rich first part-stream and a thiosulfate-poor, formate-containing second part-stream by means of nanofiltration, (e) concentration of sodium formate in the second part-stream and (f) recycling of the concentrated second part-stream to process step (a).

Abstract: A parking lock gear (1) for a parking lock arrangement for locking an output shaft of a transmission of a vehicle has teeth (5). An annular element (2) is fixed to the parking lock gear (1) and has outer teeth (3) which engage an actuated locking pawl.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a vertical system for the plating treatment of a work piece (W), the said system including at least two treatment modules (100) and at least one transport device for conveying at least one work piece (W) to a treatment module (100) and for transferring the work piece (W) to retaining devices (130) in the treatment module (100). The retaining devices (130) for the work piece (W) are provided in the treatment modules (100). The transport device includes at least one gripping device (10) retaining the work piece (W) each with at least one fastening device (20, 30). Each fastening device (20, 30) includes first clamping devices (25, 35) that are each associated with one side of the work piece (W) and second clamping devices (26). At least one first clamping device (25, 35) associated with a first side of the work piece (W) is designed and disposed such that the position of the first side of the work piece (W) can be defined by the first clamping device (25, 35).

Abstract: A problem during electrolytic treatment of printed circuit boards having a very thin basic metallization is that the treatment yields irregular results in various regions on the surface of the printed circuit board. In overcoming this problem the invention provides a device for electrolytically treating an at least superficially electrically conducting work piece having at least two substantially opposing side edges. The device comprises current supply devices for the work piece, said current supply devices each comprising contact strips located on the opposing side edges which are capable of electrically contacting the work piece at the substantially opposing side edges.

Abstract: An apparatus for the electrolytic treatment of the product L using a treatment agent is used to make the treatment of a plate-shaped product more uniform. This apparatus includes: devices for retaining 40, 42 the product L in the apparatus, one or a plurality of flow devices 10, which each include at least one nozzle 15 and are disposed situated opposite the product L, one or a plurality of counter electrodes 30, which are inert relative to the treatment agent and are disposed parallel to at least one treatment surface, means for generating a relative movement 44 between the product L, on the side, and the flow devices 10 and/or the counter electrodes 30, on the other side, in at least one direction parallel to a treatment surface. The product L can be immersed into the treatment agent during the treatment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a low cost manufacturable translatory manipulator for conveying work pieces in processing stations in a vertical conveyorized processing line that may be readily adapted to changing circumstances without having to completely redesign the processing line. The manipulator comprises at least one traveling element (10) that is displaceable along a guide means connecting at least two processing stations for the work pieces (9), at least one hoisting element (11) as well as at least one gripper element (12) for the work pieces (9) that is mounted to said hoisting elements (11). The hoisting elements (11) and the gripper elements (12) mounted thereon are extendable in a modular fashion so that the hoisting elements (11) extend across a plurality of rows of processing stations and that work pieces (9) held in the station may be respectively grasped by the gripper elements (12).

Abstract: A parking lock gear (1) for a parking lock arrangement for locking an output shaft of a transmission of a vehicle has teeth (5). An annular element (2) is fixed to the parking lock gear (1) and has outer teeth (3) which engage an actuated locking pawl.