Abstract: A cleaning apparatus includes (1) a pressure tank with at least one cleaning tank arranged therein; (2) means for supplying the cleaning apparatus with a cleaning fluid; and (3) means inside the pressure tank for setting the at least one cleaning tank in motion, wherein by these means the at least one cleaning tank is movably arranged relative to the pressure tank in terms of at least one of rotational or translational movement.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gas generator, especially for generating treatment gas containing CO and H2, for heat treating metallic material at high temperatures. Said gas generator comprises at least one catalytic retort and has means for heating at least partial areas of the catalytic retort(s). According to the invention, the catalytic retort is divided into at least two retort areas (1, 2a, 2b, 2e) and at least one of the retort areas (1), preferably the retort area (1) located first in the direction of flow-through, is configured so that it can be removed from the gas generator.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and apparatus for preparation of treatment gas used in heat treatments, whereby the treatment gas is produced in a furnace disposed catalyst retort at a temperature of that of the furnace in which the retort is positioned.With such processes, when using lower furnace temperature ranges, problems occur with respect to the reaction of the feed gas in the catalyst retort. To provide an improvement, the catalyst retort in the furnace is surrounded by a shield, and the treatment gas generated in and leaving the catalyst retort is first fed into a space defined by this shield and thereafter released into furnace space. By this, an isolation of the catalyst retort from the interior of the furnace is provided, and relatively higher retort temperatures are available.

Abstract: For the fluorination of synthetic resin articles, e.g., containers, the article to be fluorinated is positioned in a gastight chamber, and a fluorinating treatment gas is produced from a fluorine precursor in situ, e.g., with the aid of a plasma torch from a basic gas mixture comprising a fluorine-containing compound, e.g., CF.sub.4 or SiF.sub.6.

Abstract: The invention regards a procedure and a device to deoxidize metal melts by using a reducing agent which is introduced into the metal melt. In order to be able to produce metal melts with the lowest possible oxygen contents in the simplest and most economical manner, it has been determined to use alcohol, molasses or lignin, or a mixture of these materials, as reducing agents.

Abstract: In a process for the vaporization of liquefied gases, e.g., oxygen, argon, nitrogen, in a sufficiently small quantity to have been vaporized heretofore without use of the cold content therein, the improvement of vaporizing said liquefied gas in indirect heat exchange with a gaseous medium being a process gas, e.g., hydrogen, or fuel gas, e.g., natural gas, and using the resultant cooled gaseous medium for industrial or domestic purposes in either the gaseous or liquid form, e.g., reaction gas, inert environment, heating. The gaseous medium may be fractionally condensed simultaneously to remove impurities therefrom, e.g., moisture from technical grade hydrogen, or a heavy fraction from natural gas.

Abstract: A process for the treatment of a cast-iron melt with oxygen, e.g. for raising the temperature thereof or otherwise modifying the composition of the melt in which the oxygen is introduced directly into the liquid cast iron at a rate (quantity per unit time) so controlled that there is no smoke development above the melt. The control is effected by feeding oxygen into the melt at progressively increasing rates until incipient smoke formation is observed above the melt and then stepping back the oxygen feed until the smoke evolution ceases.