Abstract: Text, images, and/or graphics of electronic documents should be organized and laid out in a two-dimensional format for presentation to the viewer. The best such layout depends upon the content present, the creator's intent, the output device, and the viewer's interests. To analyze the qualitative nature of the layout in quantifiable terms, the electronic document is measure using various quantifiable factors; such as, balance, uniformity, white space management, alignment, consistency, legibility, etc.; that impact a qualitative nature of a document. Such quantifiable factors are then used to quantize the aesthetics, ease of use, eye-catching ability, interest, communicability, comfort, and convenience of the document.

Abstract: Text, images, and/or graphics of electronic documents should be organized and laid out in a two-dimensional format for presentation to the viewer. The best such layout depends upon the content present, the creator's intent, the output device, and the viewer's interests. To analyze the qualitative nature of the layout in quantifiable terms, the electronic document is measure using various quantifiable factors; such as, balance, uniformity, white space management, alignment, consistency, legibility, etc.; that impact a qualitative nature of a document. Such quantifiable factors are then used to quantize the aesthetics, ease of use, eye-catching ability, interest, communicability, comfort, and convenience of the document.

Abstract: Text, images, and/or graphics of electronic documents should be organized and laid out in a two-dimensional format for presentation to the viewer. The best such layout depends upon the content present, the creator's intent, the output device, and the viewer's interests. To analyze the qualitative nature of the layout in quantifiable terms, the electronic document is measure using various quantifiable factors; such as, balance, uniformity, white space management, alignment, consistency, legibility, etc.; that impact a qualitative nature of a document. Such quantifiable factors are then used to quantize the aesthetics, ease of use, eye-catching ability, interest, communicability, comfort, and convenience of the document.

Abstract: Text, images, and/or graphics of electronic documents should be organized and laid out in a two-dimensional format for presentation to the viewer. The best such layout depends upon the content present, the creator's intent, the output device, and the viewer's interests. To analyze the qualitative nature of the layout in quantifiable terms, the electronic document is measure using various quantifiable factors; such as, balance, uniformity, white space management, alignment, consistency, legibility, etc.; that impact a qualitative nature of a document. Such quantifiable factors are then used to quantize the aesthetics, ease of use, eye-catching ability, interest, communicability, comfort, and convenience of the document.

Abstract: Text, images, and/or graphics of electronic documents should be organized and laid out in a two-dimensional format for presentation to the viewer. The best such layout depends upon the content present, the creator's intent, the output device, and the viewer's interests. To analyze the qualitative nature of the layout in quantifiable terms, the electronic document is measure using various quantifiable factors; such as, balance, uniformity, white space management, alignment, consistency, legibility, etc.; that impact a qualitative nature of a document. Such quantifiable factors are then used to quantize the aesthetics, ease of use, eye-catching ability, interest, communicability, comfort, and convenience of the document.

Abstract: A vacuum-assisted process for making a fluid-containing water-soluble pouch. The pouches obtained according to the process of the invention have a reduce air content. The use of the pouches containing detergent composition for laundry and dishwashing is also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring the magnetic field distribution of a magnetic sample includes a magnetic field sensor arrangement having three, orthogonally-disposed, Hall sensors for sensing the magnetic field produced by a magnetic sample at a given location, The sensor arrangement is scanned along a predetermined scan pattern. The apparatus then acquires sampling data from the sensor arrangement, the sampled data providing a representation of the magnetic field distribution of the magnetic sample. The data is preferably acquired by an interface card for a PC, which stores sampled data in the main memory of the PC for data analysis and display.

Abstract: Magnetic security tags/labels require to be activated/deactivated by magnetic/demagnetization and to enable this to be effected in bulk, with tagged products packed in a crate or stacked on a pallet, the invention proposes the provision of bulk magnetization/demagnetization coils generating a powerful magnetic field which is applied to the crate or pallet with a particular orientation which ensures that regularly shaped (e.g. rectangular) packages packed/stacked together and each carrying a security tag/label will each be subjected to a magnetic field component directed appropriately for magnetization/demagnetization of the respective tag/label irrespective of the particular orientation of the tag/label on the particular package.

Abstract: A tamper proof closure (1) has a plurality of magnetic strips (7) attached thereto which are arranged to be broken if the closure is opened. The broken magnetic strips have a different magnetic characteristic as compared to when they are intact and this can be sensed with a Hall effect or other sensor. The tamper proof closure enables the condition of article closures such as the screw caps of liquor bottles to be remotely monitored.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining remanence and coercivity of high strength rare earth magnets, without full determination of their hysteresis characteristics and subsequent computation, enables high speed, high throughput testing of such magnets in a production facility. The magnets are first fully magnetized by capacitor discharge through a pulsing magnetizing coil, if not already fully magnetized, and their remanence can be noted at zero applied field. Then the magnets are progressively demagnetized, again by capacitor discharge through a pulsing coil, and, with the state of magnetization of the magnets and the strength of demagnetizing field continuously monitored, note is taken of the strength of the demagnetizing field when the magnetization of the magnet is reduced to zero. Based on this sole measurement, the coercivity of the magnet is derived.