Abstract: A kiln for pyro-processing a variety of materials, such as cement, lime, lime sludge, clay, shale, magnesite, dolomite, and other minerals, includes a continuously-rotated, cylindrical, elongated shell having a feed end for receiving the material, a processing zone through which high temperature gases circulate and where the material is processed, and a discharge end where the material leaves the kiln. The shell includes an inner cylindrical surface and defines a longitudinal axis extending from the feed end to the discharge end. In addition, a portion of the inner cylindrical surface includes a lining secured contiguous to the inner cylindrical surface. The lining has an inner face in the shape of a continuous sinusoidal wave with a predetermined amplitude and wavelength.

Abstract: A rotary kiln having a polygonal lining is disclosed for pyro-processing cement, lime, other minerals, as well as other materials. Specifically, utilizing a polygonal lining of brick or a refractory or ceramic material having between 3 and 12 sides improves the heat efficiency or heat transfer between high-temperature gases and a burden of material to be processed by the kiln. Such an efficient utilization of the gas heat is due to various factors which cause a larger amount of the burden to be more quickly exposed to the high temperature gases. These various factors include increased tumbling, increased residence time, decreased degree of filling, and increased surface exposure.

Abstract: A rotary kiln having a polygonal lining is disclosed for pyro-processing cement, lime, other minerals, as well as other materials. Specifically, utilizing a polygonal lining of a refractory or ceramic material having between 3 and 12 sides improves the heat efficiency or heat transfer between high-temperature gases and a burden of material to be processed by the kiln. Such an efficient utilization of the gas heat is due to various factors which cause a larger amount of the burden to be more quickly exposed to the high temperature gases. These various factors include increased tumbling, increased residence time, decreased degree of filling, and increased surface exposure.

Abstract: A rotary kiln having a polygonal lining is disclosed for pyro-processing cement, lime, other minerals, as well as other materials. Specifically, utilizing a polygonal lining of brick or a refractory or ceramic material having between 3 and 12 sides improves the heat efficiency or heat transfer between high-temperature gases and a burden of material to be processed by the kiln. Such an efficient utilization of the gas heat is due to various factors which cause a larger amount of the burden to be more quickly exposed to the high temperature gases. These various factors include increased tumbling, increased residence time, decreased degree of filling, and increased surface exposure.