Abstract: A medical fluid collection canister for collecting fluids from fluid collection devices in surgical procedures. The medical fluid collection canister includes a receptacle, a lid, and an adapter cap. The receptacle includes a generally a floor portion, and a vertical annular wall portion with a top and a bottom. The lid includes a spout and venting hole, and is attached the top of the annular wall portion for maintaining a vacuum-tight connection therebetween. The annular wall portion, the floor portion, and the lid define a canister interior therebetween. The adapter cap is removably coupled to the spout for maintaining a vacuum-tight connection therebetween. The adapter cap includes a fluid collection device portal fluidly coupled to a fluid collection device, and a vacuum attachment portal fluidly coupled to a vacuum generating device. The canister interior preferably has a volume of 15,000 cubic centimeters, and is sized and arranged to be effective for all medical procedures.