Abstract: Markedly superior corrosion protective properties are imparted to metal-bearing surfaces at substantially reduced costs by depositing upon said surfaces one or more superimposed coatings containing zinc alloying elements located intermediate the metal-bearing surfaces and a sacrificial layer of generally pure zinc. In this manner penetration of rust inducing substances into the metal bearing surfaces is effectively precluded under substantially all environmental conditions normally encountered.

Abstract: Markedly superior corrosion protective properties are imparted to metal-bearing surfaces at substantially reduced costs by depositing upon said surfaces one or more superimposed coatings containing zinc alloying elements located intermediate the metal-bearing surfaces and a sacrificial layer of generally pure zinc. In this manner penetration of rust inducing substances into the metal bearing surfaces is effectively precluded under substantially all environmental conditions normally encountered.

Abstract: An aqueous acid trivalent chromium electroplating solution and process for forming chromium platings employing a bath containing trivalent chromium, formate ions as a complexing agent, and a bath soluble reducing agent selected from the group consisting of formaldehyde, glyoxal, formaldehye bisulfite, glyoxal di-bisulfite, sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, and mixtures thereof. The bath may additionally and preferably contain controlled amounts of conductivity salts, ammonium cations and a buffering agent to maintain the pH within the desired range.