Abstract: An electro-optic device comprising electrophoretic medium including a dispersion of a plurality of particles in a fluid configured to migrate within the fluid in a direction responsive to an applied electric field. The plurality of particles include a first type of particles having a first charge of a first charge polarity, a second type of particles having a second charge of a second charge polarity, and a third type of particles having a third charge of the second charge polarity. The first charge polarity is opposite to the second charge polarity, and the third type of particles are configured to migrate within the fluid in a direction responsive to an applied magnetic field gradient.

Abstract: A variable light transmission device has at least one layer of electrophoretic medium comprising charged particles. Application of a an electric field having a waveform formed by a superposition of a carrier and a modulator waveform enables the switching of the device from a closed state to an open state, wherein the open state has higher light transmission than the closed state. As a result, the device enables the selection of the desired optical state by the user.

Abstract: An active molecule delivery system whereby active molecules can be released on demand and/or a variety of different active molecules can be delivered from the same system and/or different concentrations of active molecules can be delivered from the same system. The invention is well-suited for delivering pharmaceuticals to patients transdermally. In some embodiments, the system includes two separate reservoirs and a mixing area thereby allowing precursors to be mixed immediately before transdermal delivery.

Abstract: A method of forming a color-changing fiber that can be incorporated into fabrics and other woven materials. The color changing fibers include an annular wall and a conductive wire axially extending through the annular wall, a core strand surrounded by the annular wall and extending axially through a central portion of the fiber, and an encapsulated electro-optic medium disposed on a surface of the core strand.

Abstract: An electro-optic media includes either a plurality of microcapsules in a binder, a polymeric sheet containing sealed microcells, or droplets in a continuous polymeric phase. Each of the microcapsules, microcells, or droplets contain a dispersion that includes a plurality of charged composite particles and a suspending fluid, and the charged particles move through the suspending fluid under the influence of an electric field. The composite particles include one or more types of pigment particles that are at least partially coated with a polymeric material. Each of the binder, polymeric sheet, continuous polymeric phase, the charged composite particles, and the suspending fluid have an index of refraction, and a difference between the index of refraction of the composite particles and at least one of the binder, polymeric sheet, continuous polymeric phase, and solvent is less than or equal to 0.05 at 550 nm.

Abstract: A hybrid reflective-emissive display including an electrophoretic medium. The electrophoretic medium includes two types of oppositely-charged, and differently-colored, particles in a fluid. The electrophoretic medium is disposed between a front light-transmissive electrode and a rear electrode including a plurality of apertures, such as a hexagonal grid. The electrophoretic layer is optionally illuminated by a light source disposed on the opposite side of the rear electrode from the electrophoretic medium. A viewer can see either the first or second type of particle at the viewing surface, or one of the particles can be illuminated by the light source, thus emitting light the color of one of the particles.

Abstract: An active molecule delivery system whereby active molecules can be released on demand and/or a variety of different active molecules can be delivered from the same system and/or different concentrations of active molecules can be delivered from the same system. The invention is well-suited for delivering pharmaceuticals to patients transdermally. In some embodiments, the system includes two separate reservoirs and a mixing area thereby allowing precursors to be mixed immediately before transdermal delivery.

Abstract: An electro-optic device comprising electrophoretic medium including a dispersion of a plurality of particles in a fluid configured to migrate within the fluid in a direction responsive to an applied electric field. The plurality of particles include a first type of particles having a first charge of a first charge polarity, a second type of particles having a second charge of a second charge polarity, and a third type of particles having a third charge of the second charge polarity. The first charge polarity is opposite to the second charge polarity, and the third type of particles are configured to migrate within the fluid in a direction responsive to an applied magnetic field gradient.

Abstract: A display device (30) comprises a reflective display (38) arranged to render a first image viewable through a viewing surface and a projection means (31-37) arranged to render a second image viewable in reflection on the viewing surface, the reflective display (38) and the projection means (31-37) being mounted on a common frame.

Abstract: A hybrid reflective-emissive display including an electrophoretic medium. The electrophoretic medium includes two types of oppositely-charged, and differently-colored, particles in a fluid. The electrophoretic medium is disposed between a front light-transmissive electrode and a rear electrode including a plurality of apertures, such as a hexagonal grid. The electrophoretic layer is optionally illuminated by a light source disposed on the opposite side of the rear electrode from the electrophoretic medium. A viewer can see either the first or second type of particle at the viewing surface, or one of the particles can be illuminated by the light source, thus emitting light the color of one of the particles.

Abstract: Electrophoretic display modules including various types of backplane and edge seals for protecting electro-optic displays against environmental contaminants are described. In particular, the disclosed module designs allow for very narrow edge seals, i.e., less than 1 mm in thickness. In one type of seal, the electro-optic layer is sandwiched between a backplane and a protective sheet and a sealing material extends between the backplane and the protective sheet. In some instances, the protective sheet includes several layers of transparent materials to provide physical protection and reduce the ingress of water.

Abstract: A display device (30) comprises a reflective display (38) arranged to render a first image viewable through a viewing surface and a projection means (31-37) arranged to render a second image viewable in reflection on the viewing surface, the reflective display (38) and the projection means (31-37) being mounted on a common frame.

Abstract: A display device (30) comprises a reflective display (38) arranged to render a first image viewable through a viewing surface and a projection means (31-37) arranged to render a second image viewable in reflection on the viewing surface, the reflective display (38) and the projection means (31-37) being mounted on a common frame.

Abstract: An energy harvesting electrophoretic display is disclosed comprising a photovoltaic cell that converts part of the incident light to electric current or voltage, wherein the electric current or voltage is used for the operation of the electrophoretic display upon the conversion or stored in a storage component to be used for the operation of the electrophoretic display.

Abstract: An image is formed on an architectural surface by applying to the surface, in order: a rear electrode layer; a light-transmissive front electrode layer; a photoconductive layer disposed between the front and rear electrode layers; and an electro-optic layer disposed between the front and rear electrode layers. A potential difference is applied between the front and rear electrode layers and the front electrode layer is imagewise exposed to radiation which causes a change in the conductivity of the photoconductive layer, thereby causing an imagewise change in the optical state of the electro-optic layer. Films for application to architectural surfaces are also provided.

Abstract: An image is formed on an architectural surface by applying to the surface, in order: a rear electrode layer; a light-transmissive front electrode layer; a photoconductive layer disposed between the front and rear electrode layers; and an electro-optic layer disposed between the front and rear electrode layers. A potential difference is applied between the front and rear electrode layers and the front electrode layer is imagewise exposed to radiation which causes a change in the conductivity of the photoconductive layer, thereby causing an imagewise change in the optical state of the electro-optic layer. Films for application to architectural surfaces are also provided.

Abstract: Methods and systems for driving an active matrix electrowetting on dielectric device including thin-film-transistors to increase the switching frequency of the propulsion electrodes beyond what is typical for line-by-line active matrix driving. By using a latching circuit, it is possible to selectively switch specific propulsion (pixel) electrodes between an “on” and an “off” state, wherein a propulsion electrode in an “on” state can be driven by a time varying drive voltage on the top electrode that is a much higher frequency than is typically possible with amorphous silicon thin-film-transistor arrays. The faster drive frequency improves the performance of electrowetting devices, especially when used with aqueous droplets having a high ionic strength.

Abstract: Methods of making a top-plane connection in an electro-optic device and devices including such connections. A through hole is created through a rear substrate to provide a connection between a conductor coupled to the rear substrate and a light-transmissive conductive layer coupled to a top transparent substrate. The hole is subsequently filled with a top-plane connection material that provides an electrical connection between the conductor and the light-transmissive conductive layer, but does not provide an electrical connection between a separate rear conductive layer and the light-transmissive conductor.

Abstract: An electro-optic display comprising, in order: a light-transmissive layer of conductive material; a layer of bistable electro-optic medium; a layer of light-shielding material; a plurality of pixel electrodes; a layer of photoconductive material; and one or more light emitters. In one exemplary embodiment, the layer of photoconductive material is adapted to bridge a gap between an address line and at least one of the pixel electrodes when the photoconductive material is in a low impedance state. In another, non-exclusive embodiment, the electro-optic display further comprises a second electrode layer between the layer of photoconductive material and the one or more light emitters and a driver adapted to apply voltage between the light-transmissive layer of conductive material and the second electrode layer.

Abstract: A display apparatus including: a plurality of display tiles; a controller configured to control the display tiles; a mounting structure for mounting the plurality of display tiles, the mounting structure including a conductive interconnect layer having a plurality of traces configured to connected the plurality of display tiles to the controller, and a connector connecting at least one display tile to the mounting structure. The at least one display tile is sufficiently flexible to have a curvature, wherein the curvature produces a space between the at least one display tile and the mounting structure to house the controller.