Abstract: A method for providing Cheon-resistance security for a static elliptic curve Diffie-Hellman cryptosystem (ECDH), the method including providing a system for message communication between a pair of correspondents, a message being exchanged in accordance with ECDH instructions executable on computer processors of the respective correspondents, the ECDH instructions using a curve selected from a plurality of curves, the selecting including choosing a range of curves; selecting, from the range of curves, curves matching a threshold efficiency; excluding, within the selected curves, curves which may include intentional vulnerabilities; and electing, from non-excluded selected curves, a curve with Cheon resistance, the electing comprising a curve from an additive group of order q, wherein q is prime, such that q?1=cr and q+1=ds, where r and s are primes and c and d are integer Cheon cofactors of the group, such that cd?48.

Abstract: A spinal implant system includes a spinal implant template configured to provide three dimensional coordinates of a selected implant configuration. An implant bending device includes work surfaces engageable with a spinal implant to manipulate the spinal implant to the selected implant configuration and an implant contact sensor. Surgical instruments, spinal constructs, implants and methods are disclosed.

Abstract: A system including a range of motion, quality of sleep, overall, and control modules. The range of motion module, prior to a procedure being performed on a patient, determines a first range of motion score of the patient based on a first signal generated by a sensor. The quality of sleep module, prior to the procedure being performed on the patient, determines a first quality of sleep score or a first pain score based on the first signal. The overall module determines a combined score based on the first range of motion score and the first quality of sleep score or the first pain score. The control module compares the combined score to a predetermined threshold and predicts an outcome of the procedure based on the comparison. The control module, based on the combined score, determines whether to perform the procedure, adjust the procedure or refrain from performing the procedure.

Abstract: In some aspects, a message and an implicit certificate are accessed. The implicit certificate is associated with an entity. A modified message is generated by combining the message with a value based on the implicit certificate. A digital signature can be generated based on the modified message and transmitted to a recipient. In some aspects, a digital signature from an entity and a message to be verified based on the digital signature are accessed. An implicit certificate associated with the entity is accessed. A modified message is generated by combining the message with a value based on the implicit certificate. The message is verified based on the digital signature and the modified message.

Abstract: A method for key agreement between a first party and a second party over a public communications channel, the method including selecting, by the first party, from a semigroup, a first value “a”; multiplying the first value “a” by a second value “b” to create a third value “d”, the second value “b” being selected from the semigroup; sending the third value “d” to the second party; receiving, from the second party, a fourth value “e”, the fourth value comprising the second value “b” multiplied by a fifth value “c” selected by the second party from the semigroup; and creating a shared secret by multiplying the first value “a” with the fourth value “e”, wherein the shared secret matches the third value “d” multiplied by the fifth value “c”.

Abstract: A method at a computing device in a public ledger cryptography system, the method including creating a purpose string, the purpose string defining transaction parameters for an account within the public ledger cryptography system; using the purpose string to create a private key and associated public key for an account within the public ledger cryptography system; and providing the purpose string for use in verification of a transaction from the account within the public ledger cryptography system.

Abstract: A system for assessing a spinal disorder includes a wearable electronic device having one or more sensors and an assessment system. The wearable electronic device is configured to be positioned on a portion of a lower back of a wearer, and the one or more sensors are configured to obtain patient data associated with the wearer. The system receives patient data from the one or more sensors, where the patient data includes movement data associated with movement of the lower back of the wearer, classifies the movement data into an initial grouping, further classifies the at least a portion of the movement data into one of the plurality of activity categories, generate a score corresponding to the at least a portion of the movement data based on the activity category to which the movement data is classified, and cause the score to be displayed via a client electronic device.

Abstract: A spinal implant system includes a spinal implant template configured to provide three dimensional coordinates of a selected implant configuration. An implant bending device includes work surfaces engageable with a spinal implant to manipulate the spinal implant to the selected implant configuration and an implant contact sensor. Surgical instruments, spinal constructs, implants and methods are disclosed.

Abstract: A load sensing assembly for a spinal implant includes a set screw having a central opening that extends from a first end of the set screw toward a second end of the set screw. The second end of the set screw is configured to engage with an anchoring member. The load sensing assembly includes an antenna, an integrated circuit in communication with the antenna, where the integrated circuit is positioned within the central opening of the set screw, and a strain gauge in connection with the integrated circuit. The strain gauge is located within the central opening of the set screw in proximity to the second end of the set screw.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer programs for using an implicit certificate are disclosed. In some aspects, a message and an implicit certificate are accessed. The implicit certificate is associated with an entity. A modified message is generated by combining the message with a value based on the implicit certificate. A digital signature can be generated based on the modified message and transmitted to a recipient. In some aspects, a digital signature from an entity and a message to be verified based on the digital signature are accessed. An implicit certificate associated with the entity is accessed. A modified message is generated by combining the message with a value based on the implicit certificate. The message is verified based on the digital signature and the modified message.

Abstract: A load sensing assembly for a spinal implant includes a set screw having a central opening that extends from a first end of the set screw toward a second end of the set screw. The second end of the set screw is configured to engage with an anchoring member. The load sensing assembly includes an antenna, an integrated circuit in communication with the antenna, where the integrated circuit is positioned within the central opening of the set screw, and a strain gauge in connection with the integrated circuit. The strain gauge is located within the central opening of the set screw in proximity to the second end of the set screw.

Abstract: A load sensing assembly for a spinal implant includes a set screw having a central opening that extends from a first end of the set screw toward a second end of the set screw. The second end of the set screw is configured to engage with an anchoring member. The load sensing assembly includes an antenna, an integrated circuit in communication with the antenna, where the integrated circuit is positioned within the central opening of the set screw, and a strain gauge in connection with the integrated circuit. The strain gauge is located within the central opening of the set screw in proximity to the second end of the set screw.

Abstract: A stimulation probe device including a first electrode, a stimulation module, a control module and a physical layer module. The stimulation module is configured to (i) wirelessly receive a payload signal from a console interface module or a nerve integrity monitoring device, and (ii) supply a voltage or an amount of current to the first electrode to stimulate a nerve or a muscle in a patient. The control module is configured to generate a parameter signal indicating the voltage or the amount of current supplied to the electrode. The physical layer module is configured to (i) upconvert the parameter signal to a first radio frequency signal, and (ii) wirelessly transmit the first radio frequency signal from the stimulation probe to the console interface module or the nerve integrity monitoring device.

Abstract: A system including a range of motion module, a quality of sleep module, an overall module, and a control module. The range of motion module, subsequent to performing a procedure on a patient, determines a first range of motion score of the patient based on a signal generated by a sensor. The quality of sleep module, subsequent to performing the procedure on the patient, determines a first quality of sleep score or a first pain score based on the signal generated by the sensor. The overall module determines a combined score based on (i) the first range of motion score, and (ii) the first sleep score or the first pain score. The control module (i) determines whether an outcome of the procedure is positive based on the combined score, and (ii) stores the determined outcome and the combined score in a memory.

Abstract: A nerve integrity monitoring device includes a control module and a physical layer module. The control module is configured to generate a payload request. The payload request (i) requests a data payload from a sensor in a wireless nerve integrity monitoring network, and (ii) indicates whether a stimulation probe device is to generate a stimulation pulse. The physical layer module is configured to (i) wirelessly transmit the payload request to the sensor and the stimulation probe device, or (ii) transmit the payload request to a console interface module. The physical layer module is also configured to, in response to the payload request, (i) receive the data payload from the sensor, and (ii) receive stimulation pulse information from the stimulation probe device. The data payload includes data corresponding to an evoked response of a patient. The evoked response is generated based on the stimulation pulse.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer programs for generating cryptographic function parameters are described. In some examples, source code that defines seed information and a pseudorandom function is accessed. A parameter for a cryptographic function by operation of one or more data processors is generated. The parameter is generated from the seed information and the pseudorandom function. The parameter has a larger size in memory than the source code that defines the seed information and the pseudorandom function.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer programs for generating cryptographic function parameters are described. In some examples, astronomical data from an observed astronomical event is obtained. A pseudorandom generator is seeded based on the astronomical data. After seeding the pseudorandom generator, an output from the pseudorandom generator is obtained. A parameter for a cryptographic function is generated by operation of one or more data processors. The parameter is generated from the output from the pseudorandom generator.

Abstract: A system including a range of motion module, a quality of sleep module, an overall module, and a control module. The range of motion module, subsequent to performing a procedure on a patient, determines a first range of motion score of the patient based on a signal generated by a sensor. The quality of sleep module, subsequent to performing the procedure on the patient, determines a first quality of sleep score or a first pain score based on the signal generated by the sensor. The overall module determines a combined score based on (i) the first range of motion score, and (ii) the first sleep score or the first pain score. The control module (i) determines whether an outcome of the procedure is positive based on the combined score, and (ii) stores the determined outcome and the combined score in a memory.

Abstract: A system including a range of motion, quality of sleep, overall, and control modules. The range of motion module, prior to a procedure being performed on a patient, determines a first range of motion score of the patient based on a first signal generated by a sensor. The quality of sleep module, prior to the procedure being performed on the patient, determines a first quality of sleep score or a first pain score based on the first signal. The overall module determines a combined score based on the first range of motion score and the first quality of sleep score or the first pain score. The control module compares the combined score to a predetermined threshold and predicts an outcome of the procedure based on the comparison. The control module, based on the combined score, determines whether to perform the procedure, adjust the procedure or refrain from performing the procedure.

Abstract: A spinal implant system includes a spinal implant template having a base connected to vertebral tissue and a member movable relative to the base. The member includes a sensor configured to identify coordinates of one or more bone fasteners connected with the vertebral tissue. An implant bending device includes work surfaces engageable with a spinal implant to manipulate the spinal implant to a selected implant configuration based on the coordinates. Surgical instruments, spinal constructs, implants and methods are disclosed.