Abstract: A dual-layer hernia mesh can be configured according to a three-dimensional map of a hernia defect(s) and a hernia volume(s) of a patient. The front portion of the mesh can be configured utilizing, for example, a three dimensional map of hernia sac volumes obtained from a CT scan. The front portion of the mesh exactly fits into the hernia sac. The back portion of the hernia mesh is a sheet of mesh material that overlaps over onto the normal muscles and fascia. A “foam” collapsible mesh and/or a flat mesh with expandable hydrogel deposited in variable thickness according to the hernia defect can be utilized as a dual-layer hernia mesh for repair. The hydrogel mesh when combined with water or saline expands and fits into the hernia defect or defects. Both “foam” and hydrogel meshes adhere to the tissues of the hernia sac and then contracts over time. The hernia sac volume slowly disappears, restoring a more normal contour to the abdominal wall.

Abstract: A dual-layer hernia mesh can be configured according to a three-dimensional map of a hernia defect(s) and a hernia volume(s) of a patient. The front portion of the mesh can be configured utilizing, for example, a three dimensional map of hernia sac volumes obtained from a CT scan. The front portion of the mesh exactly fits into the hernia sac. The back portion of the hernia mesh is a sheet of mesh material that overlaps over onto the normal muscles and fascia. A “foam” collapsible mesh and/or a flat mesh with expandable hydrogel deposited in variable thickness according to the hernia defect can be utilized as a dual-layer hernia mesh for repair. The hydrogel mesh when combined with water or saline expands and fits into the hernia defect or defects. Both “foam” and hydrogel meshes adhere to the tissues of the hernia sac and then contracts over time. The hernia sac volume slowly disappears, restoring a more normal contour to the abdominal wall.

Abstract: A ventricular assist apparatus is disclosed, which is composed of a sheet of MEMS-based material wrapped around a failing heart, wherein the sheet of MEM-based material contracts or expands in order to support the failing heart and ventricular activities thereof. Additionally, such an apparatus can include a controller in communication with the sheet of MEMS-based material for controlling a contraction or an expansion of the sheet when the sheet is wrapped around the failing heart and a microprocessor in communication with the controller for processing data communicated to and from the controller. A pacemaker in communication with the sheet can be configured to include the controller and the microprocessor.

Abstract: A biological function assist apparatus composed a linear electronmechanical device or system wrapped in protective coating and controlled by a controller, which also provides power to the electromechanically-based system. The electromechanically-based system can be formed as a mesh using linear motors or linear actuators, or a larger electromechanically grid and wrapped around a failing heart. The electromechanical system can be formed in a circle forming an artificial valve (e.g., sphincter). The electromechanically-based system can operate as a bone-muscle interface, thereby functioning in place of tendons.

Abstract: A biological function assist apparatus composed an electromechanically-based system wrapped in protective coating and controlled by a controller, which also provides power to the electromechanically-based system. The electromechanically-based system can be formed as a mesh using MEMS or a larger electromechanically grid and wrapped around a failing heart, or the electromechanical system can be formed in a circle forming an artificial valve (e.g., sphincter). The electromechanically-based system can operate as a bone-muscle interface, thereby functioning in place of tendons.