Abstract: Methods are provided for lease guaranty services. A landlord enters into an arrangement with a lease guaranty service provider including an agreed upon lease guaranty policy to cover a rental property associated with the landlord. Under the lease guaranty policy, the landlord is a beneficiary and is bound to some contractual duties. A tenant, interested in renting the rental property, enters into a lease guaranty participation agreement with the lease guaranty service provider, which provides that the lease guaranty service provider pays the landlord a claim amount, resulted from the tenant's failure to comply with a lease signed between the tenant and the landlord for the rental property, and the tenant is legally liable to the lease guaranty service provider.

Abstract: A system and methods of validating the identity of payment card users and authorizing payment card transactions is provided. The methods of validating the identity of payment card users and authorizing payment card transactions include receiving information from payment card users to identify and validate their status as authorized payment card users. Receiving information from payment card users includes receiving information via mobile telephone, wherein payment card users provide such identifying information as a mobile telephone number, a personal identification number, an account number and or a vocal password by a mobile telephone to validate their status as authorized payment card users. Upon verification of the identifying information and an authorization status of payment card users, payment card transactions are approved. The system comprises a central manager including a database to record and store information identifying a plurality of payment cardholders and authorized payment card users.

Abstract: A method of characterizing dynamics of a workpiece handling system includes providing a workpiece or substrate (14), supporting the substrate (14) with a workpiece handler (13), providing a motion for the workpiece handler (13), transforming the motion into a signal, converting the electrical signal into a measurement of distance, and using the measurement of distance to determine a vibration in the motion.

Abstract: A cap and tube assembly comprising: a tube for containing a product. A nozzle at one end of the tube has a thin wall portion defining a diaphragm puncturable to provide a discharge opening for dispensing of products. The cap is engagable over the nozzle and has puncturing means depending inwardly from the top of the cap operable upon actuation of the cap relative to the nozzle to puncture the diaphragm. Rib means on the interior of the cap snugly embraces the nozzle during axial movement of the cap to ensure alignment of the piercing element with a diaphragm during the piercing operation.

Abstract: Yarn is space-dyed by a process wherein the yarn is wound around a receptacle, e.g., a perforated package dyeing tube. A dyebath is allowed to flow through the yarn. The flow of dye is partially restricted or channeled in such a manner that the yarn becomes intermittently dyed.