Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to providing a centralized controller for actuators within electronic control systems of a vehicle. An electronic control system within a vehicle computer system, having a first actuator for performing a first vehicle function, a second actuator for a performing second vehicle function and a controller coupled to the first actuator and the second actuator for controlling the first and second actuators is provided such that the controller is not embedded in either the first or second actuator. Embodiments of a centralized controller and a non-transitory machine-readable medium on which a program is stored for providing instructions to a controller that may utilize the 1-Wire® and/or PoE protocols are also provided. Advantages include, but are not limited to centralized manufacturing, simplified diagnostics, and streamlined software upgrades, all of which result in reduce costs.

Abstract: A method of preparing a whitened tobacco material is provided, including: (i) extracting a tobacco material with a first extraction solution to provide a tobacco solids material and a tobacco extract; (ii) cooking the tobacco solids material in an alkaline cooking liquid comprising sodium sulfide and having a pH of greater than 11 to form a tobacco pulp; (iii) treating the tobacco pulp with an acid to lower the pH of the tobacco pulp and provide a neutralized tobacco pulp; (iv) extracting the neutralized tobacco pulp with a second extraction solution comprising at least one chelating agent to provide an extracted tobacco pulp; and (v) bleaching the extracted tobacco pulp with a bleaching solution to provide a whitened tobacco material.

Abstract: An oral composition including one or more fillers present in a total filler content of about 20% by weight or higher, based on the total weight of the composition, the one or more fillers including either i) about 20% or higher of a non-tobacco cellulosic material having a bulk density of about 150 g/L or less; or ii) a combination of fillers comprising a first non-tobacco cellulosic material and a second non-tobacco cellulosic material, wherein the first non-tobacco cellulosic material has a bulk density of about 250 g/L or higher and the second non-tobacco cellulosic material has a bulk density of about 150 g/L or less, wherein the second non-tobacco cellulosic material is present in an amount of about 2% by weight or higher, based on the total weight of the composition; and at least one additional component selected from the group consisting of active ingredients, flavorants, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: A tobacco industry product container suitable for storing products for oral use. The container includes a composite material being a combination of at least a first material and a second material.

Abstract: A composition adapted for oral use is providing, composition adapted for oral use, including one or more fillers present in a total filler content of about 20% by weight or higher, the one or more fillers comprising a first filler in the form of a dissolving grade pulp material or a non-woody microcrystalline cellulose, the first filler having an untapped bulk density of about 150 g/L or less; and at least one additional component such as active ingredients or flavorants. Also provided is a method of forming a composition adapted for oral use, which includes providing a dry dissolving grade pulp material, grinding the dissolving grade pulp material to form a pulp material having an untapped bulk density of about 150 g/L or less, and mixing the pulp material with at least one additional component such as active ingredients or flavorants.

Abstract: A smokeless tobacco composition that contains bleached tobacco material in which at least 50% by weight of the bleached tobacco material has a particle size of from about 1 mm to about 50 mm.

Abstract: A method of preparing a whitened tobacco material for use in a smokeless tobacco product is provided, including: (i) extracting a tobacco material with an extraction solution to provide a tobacco solids material and a tobacco extract; (ii) cooking the tobacco solids material in an alkaline sulfite cooking liquor including sulfite ions and having a pH of greater than 7 to form a tobacco pulp; (iii) bleaching the tobacco pulp with a bleaching solution to provide a bleached tobacco material; and (iv) drying the bleached tobacco material to provide the whitened tobacco material.

Abstract: A method of preparing a whitened tobacco material is provided, including: (i) extracting a tobacco material with a first extraction solution to provide a tobacco solids material and a tobacco extract; (ii) cooking the tobacco solids material in an alkaline cooking liquid comprising sodium sulfide and having a pH of greater than 11 to form a tobacco pulp; (iii) treating the tobacco pulp with an acid to lower the pH of the tobacco pulp and provide a neutralized tobacco pulp; (iv) extracting the neutralized tobacco pulp with a second extraction solution comprising at least one chelating agent to provide an extracted tobacco pulp; and (v) bleaching the extracted tobacco pulp with a bleaching solution to provide a whitened tobacco material.

Abstract: A method of preparing a whitened tobacco material for use in a smokeless tobacco product is provided, including: (i) extracting a tobacco material with an extraction solution to provide a tobacco solids material and a tobacco extract; (ii) cooking the tobacco solids material in an alkaline sulfite cooking liquor including sulfite ions and having a pH of greater than 7 to form a tobacco pulp; (iii) bleaching the tobacco pulp with a bleaching solution to provide a bleached tobacco material; and (iv) drying the bleached tobacco material to provide the whitened tobacco material.

Abstract: A method for conveying measurement information from a mobile terminal in a first communication system to a second communication system is disclosed, whereby the measurement information related to the first communication system is conveyed to the second communication system on a control channel which can function in a non-stealing mode. For example, Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) measurement information can be conveyed from a mobile terminal to a Base Station Controller (BSC) in a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) network, in a GSM message on a Slow Associated Control Channel (SACCH). In this way, the UMTS measurement information can be conveyed effectively between the two mobile communication systems without sacrificing the quality of speech information being conveyed. Moreover, handovers between the two mobile communication systems can be effectively performed.