Abstract: Method and apparatus for installing a liner material into a host conduit such as, e.g., a sewer pipe, hydrocarbon pipeline, gas line, water line, industrial chemical pipe, or a saltwater line. The liner material may include a compression liner and/or a preliner that is attached to the inner wall of the host conduit to repair or reinforce the host conduit or separate the host conduit from materials transported within the new liner formed from the liner material. Curable resin, slurry, or cement can be placed between the liner material and the host conduit to affix the liner material into place. Before and during curing, a fluid such as air or water can be used to inflate the compression liner outwardly toward the host conduit.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for installing a liner material into a host conduit such as, e.g., a sewer pipe, hydrocarbon pipeline, gas line, water line, industrial chemical pipe, or a saltwater line. The liner material may include a compression liner and/or a preliner that is attached to the inner wall of the host conduit to repair or reinforce the host conduit or separate the host conduit from materials transported within the new liner formed from the liner material. Curable resin, slurry, or cement can be placed between the liner material and the host conduit to affix the liner material into place. Before and during curing, a fluid such as air or water can be used to inflate the compression liner outwardly toward the host conduit.

Abstract: A process for recovering mineral values from fly ash in commercial quantities comprising forming an alkaline aqueous fly ash blend, filtering the alkaline aqueous fly ash blend and recovering a solids blend therefrom, leaching the solids blend with hydrochloric or hydrofluoric acid to form dissolved chloride or fluoride salts of iron, aluminum and other metals, electrolyzing the dissolved chloride or fluoride salt solution to plate out at least iron, and, optionally, one or more other metals, recovering silicon dioxide as a precipitate from the leaching solution, and recovering the leaching solution free of silicon dioxide. Neutralizing the leaching solution in a certain pH range permits precipitation and recovery of aluminum hydroxide as a solid. The hydroxide may then be converted to alum or alumina by conventional methods.