Abstract: An engine in which the cylinders are scavenged according to a cross scavenging technique. The engine includes one or more cylinders in each of which a piston is disposed for reciprocal motion. The engine further includes a direct fuel injection system that allows controlled input of fuel into each cylinder to promote more efficient operation of the cross scavenged engine.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a fuel pump comprising a housing including therein a high pressure fuel chamber, a fuel outlet valve communicating with the high pressure fuel chamber and being operable to prevent fuel inflow and to permit fuel outflow when the fuel pressure is above a predetermined level, a fuel inlet valve communicating with the high pressure chamber and being operable to prevent fuel outflow and to permit fuel inflow, and a bearing bore extending from the high pressure chamber, a rod slideably and sealingly supported in the bearing bore for movement relative to a retracted position, and structure located in the housing for displacing the rod from the retracted position and in the direction toward the high pressure fuel chamber through an initial stroke length without encountering substantial resistance and thereafter displacing the rod through a subsequent stroke length which is effective to highly pressurize the fuel in the high pressure fuel chamber.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine including an engine block including a cylinder head defining a combustion chamber and having therein an opening communicating with the combustion chamber, and a combined fuel injection pump and nozzle including a housing fixed to the cylinder head and defining a high reluctance gap and a low pressure fuel chamber having an axis, a tubular member extending in the housing into the low pressure fuel chamber in coaxial relation to the axis, having therein an axial bore communicating with the low pressure fuel chamber, and at least partially defining a high pressure fuel chamber, and a nozzle assembly fixed to the housing, extending into the opening, communicating with the combustion chamber and with the axial bore, and including a valve member moveable to an open position in response to a fuel pressure in the high pressure fuel chamber above a predetermined level.