Abstract: Methods are disclosed for controlling the population of acetoclastic microorganisms in a process for the bioconversion of gas substrate comprising at least one of CO and a mixture of CO2 and hydrogen to at least one oxygenated organic compound by contact of said gas substrate under acidic, anaerobic fermentation conditions in a bioreactor containing an aqueous fermentation broth having a population of at least one acetogenic microorganism for bioconverting said gas substrate to at least one acetogenic oxygenated organic compound, said fermentation zone defining a head space, said methods comprising continuously or intermittently controlling the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the head space to provide a desired population ratio of acetoclastic microorganisms to acetogenic microorganisms.

Abstract: The invention relates to the fields of bacterial metabolism and the utilization or consumption of short-chain carboxylic acids to reduced products. Specifically, it relates to syngas fermentations using monocultures of syngas-utilizing homoacetogenic bacteria for the production of alcohols using native alcohol dehydrogenase.

Abstract: This invention provides methods and systems for the production of butanol. Specifically, the methods and systems of the present invention use syntrophic co-cultures for the production of butanol from syngas.

Abstract: The invention relates to the fields of bacterial metabolism and the utilization or consumption of short-chain carboxylic acids to reduced products. Specifically, it relates to syngas fermentations using monocultures of syngas-utilizing homoacetogenic bacteria for the production of alcohols using native alcohol dehydrogenase.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for controlling the population of acetoclastic microorganisms in a process for the bioconversion of gas substrate comprising at least one of CO and a mixture of CO2 and hydrogen to at least one oxygenated organic compound by contact of said gas substrate under acidic, anaerobic fermentation conditions in a bioreactor containing an aqueous fermentation broth having a population of at least one acetogenic microorganism for bioconverting said gas substrate to at least one acetogenic oxygenated organic compound, said fermentation zone defining a head space, said methods comprising continuously or intermittently controlling the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the head space to provide a desired population ratio of acetoclastic microorganisms to acetogenic microorganisms.

Abstract: This invention provides methods and systems for the production of propanol. Specifically, the methods and systems of the present invention use symbiotic arrangement of anaerobic microorganism cultures for the production of propanol from syngas.

Abstract: This invention provides methods and systems for the production of butanol. Specifically, the methods and systems of the present invention use syntrophic co-cultures for the production of butanol from syngas.

Abstract: A computer element performance enhancer having peltier device providing cooling to the critical computer elements of a desk top computer. A peltier device controller regulates the flow of power to the peltier device such that the computer elements are maintained in a below ambient temperature range. An adjustable power supply is connected to and supplies power to the critical computer elements. A power supply controller regulates the adjustable power supply such that a local voltage at the computer elements is maintained at a precision high voltage range. A dual speed clock generator is connected to the computer elements and runs the computer elements at a higher rate of speed when the computer elements are within the prescribed temperature and voltage ranges.

Abstract: A method and a video tape recorder apparatus having an encoder for serially pulse width modulating each of the normal frame-reference pulses with a bit of an elapsed record time signal and for recording the signal onto the frame-reference track of a video tape and a decoder for, during playback of the tape, extracting from the reproduced signal the frame-reference pulses and the elapsed record time signal and for generating therefrom a frame count signal.

Abstract: Ethane is reacted with oxygen and a chlorine source in the presence of a solid solution catalyst containing iron cations stabilized with lanthanum and/or lanthanides to yield ethylene, vinyl chloride, and other valuable by-products. Conversion of ethane to products approaches 100 percent, ethylene is prepared in up to 90 mole percent yield, and the combined yield of ethylene, vinyl chloride, and ethyl chloride is up to 95 mole percent.