Abstract: This method for decoupling capacitance analysis improves upon existing techniques to attempt to give a more accurate representation of the power supply fluctuations on a chip while keeping runtime comparable. This method employs the following techniques; a) a method for descending through hierarchy and dividing the design into a variable sized grid; b) an algorithm to determine which grid locations of a design don't have enough decoupling capacitors for all of the devices in that grid location; c) an algorithm to determine which grid locations are subject to harmful neighboring effects; and d) a method to display the results of the calculations in a graphical manor to allow easy identification of problem areas.

Abstract: This method for decoupling capacitance analysis improves upon existing techniques to attempt to give a more accurate representation of the power supply fluctuations on a chip while keeping runtime comparable. This method employs the following techniques; a) a method for descending through hierarchy and dividing the design into a variable sized grid; b) an algorithm to determine which grid locations of a design don't have enough decoupling capacitors for all of the devices in that grid location; c) an algorithm to determine which grid locations are subject to harmful neighboring effects; and d) a method to display the results of the calculations in a graphical manor to allow easy identification of problem areas.

Abstract: Surfactant compositions containing compounds according to structure (I), and methods of making them, are disclosed. The compounds provide reduced dynamic and equilibrium surface tension, good solubility, moderate foaming, and good cleaning performance. The methods for making them involve reaction of N-(polyhydroxyalkyl)-alkylamines with dinitriles, dialdehydes, or acetals or hemiacetals of dialdehydes in the presence of hydrogen and a transition metal catalyst. In structure (I), x is an integer from about 1 to 12, R1 and R2 are independently C3-C30 linear alkyl, cyclic alkyl, branched alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, alkylaryl, alkoxyalkyl, and dialkylaminoalkyl; and R3 and R4 are independently hydrogen or a pyranosyl group such as ?-D-glucopyranosyl, ?-D-glucopyranosyl, or ?-D-galactopyranosyl.

Abstract: A method for converting amino ether alcohols to amino ether amines by amination in the vapor phase with a catalyst comprising copper and zinc. The catalyst may also comprise an alkali, alkaline earth, or lanthanide element as a promoter.

Abstract: Cards confirming to credit card standards and having numbers forming part of a credit card clearing system are sold for predetermined amounts. This amount constitutes an initial balance for the card. The card is used in the normal manner, with all transactions being authorized and deducted from the initial balance. When the balance to the card is exhausted the card is discarded or may be replenished.