Abstract: There is disclosed a porous emboli deflector for preventing cerebral emboli while maintaining cerebral blood flow during an endovascular or open surgical procedure. The device prevents the entrance of emboli of a size able to cause stroke (such as greater than 100 microns) from entering either the right or left common carotid arteries, and/or the right or left vertebral arteries by deflecting emboli downstream of these vessels. The device can be placed prior to any manipulation of the heart or aorta allowing maximal protection of the brain during the index procedure. The deflector has a low profile within the aorta which allows sheaths, catheters, or wires used in the index procedure to pass. Also disclosed are methods for insertion and removal of the deflector.

Abstract: An improved backup storage system and method for use in conjunction with hierarchical or mass storage servers and networks is disclosed. Baseline, full and incremental backup procedures are used to save file copies. In one preferred embodiment, the baseline backup procedure is used to store copies of stable files, i.e. files that are modified less frequently, if at all. With a hierarchical storage server, such files are typically those stored on tertiary storage media, e.g. erasable optical disks, WORMs or magnetic tape. The full backup procedure stores, as full backup copies, copies of all files not in the baseline backup and files that have been changed since the time of their baseline backup. The full backup procedure also stores file identifiers and signal representative of storage locations of baseline backup copies for files which have not been changed since the time of the baseline backup.