Abstract: Lubricants useful in metal working processes, especially drawing, comprise an oil of lubricating viscosity; a carboxylic acid or derivative thereof, especially an anhydride of a hydrocarbon-substituted succinic acid in which the substituent contains about 6-30 carbon atoms; and a phosphorus acid salt, usually a zinc salt of a phosphorodithioic acid. The lubricant may also contain other ingredients, especially chlorinated wax or mixtures of aliphatic alcohols and hydrocarbons. Said lubricant provides improved lubricity, corrosion resistance, cleanability, anti-wear properties and extreme pressure properties when used in the working operation.

Abstract: Metal working operations, especially drawing, are facilitated by applying to the metal a composition which provides lubricity thereto and which melts within the range of about 30.degree.-100.degree. C. The composition comprises at least one neutral ester, and preferably a mixture of esters, prepared from polyalkylene glycols and saturated aliphatic alcohols having at least about 10 carbon atoms, and C.sub.12 -.sub.25 aliphatic monocarboxylic acids and C.sub.4 -.sub.20 aliphatic polycarboxylic acids. The preferred ester mixtures are prepared from polyethylene glycols, C.sub.14 -.sub.20 predominantly straight chain alkanols, stearic acid and adipic, azelaic or sebacic acid. Optional ingredients include phosphorus acid salts and anti-oxidants. The composition may be applied in liquid form and solidifies on cooling to normal ambient and storage temperatures.

Abstract: Thickened fracturing and acidizing fluids suitable for well treatment are prepared by adding certain amine salts to aqueous acid or salt solutions. The amines from which the amine salts are prepared are alkoxylated alkyl- or alkenylamines in which an alkyl or alkenyl group contains at least about 14 and preferably about 14-30 carbon atoms. Most often the alkyl or alkenyl group is oleyl, stearyl, or a mixture of groups derived from such fats as tallow or soybean oil. The especially preferred amines are the "Ethomeens" which are ethoxylated fatty amines.

Abstract: N-3-Oxohydrocarbon-substituted acrylamides, especially diacetone acrylamide, react with aldehydes in alkaline media (usually aqueous) to form water-soluble compositions which contain hydroxyalkylated and/or alkoxyalkylated derivatives of said substituted acrylamides. Addition polymers of these water-soluble compositions may be prepared, especially as aqueous latices or as solutions in organic solvents. These addition polymers are useful in adhesives and coatings. In particular, the polymers may be combined with pigments and/or with alkaline reagents or aminoplast compositions to form paints and textile adhesives.

Abstract: Used oil is rerefined by distilling it to remove a volatile forecut followed by a fraction of lubricating viscosity; the latter is then extracted with an immiscible liquid extractant to remove impurities. As optional preliminary steps, the oil may be diluted with a volatile diluent and insoluble impurities removed therefrom, and heated with an aqueous solution of a strongly alkaline material to concentrate metallic constituents (such as metal-containing additives) in a solid sludge.

Abstract: Metal surfaces are treated, preferably after phosphating, with a phenol-formaldehyde composition or the like prepared under alkaline conditions, the mole ratio of formaldehyde to phenol being at least about 2:1. The phenol-formaldehyde composition is most often used as an aqueous solution. The treatment is a suitable substitute for the conventional chromate rinse.

Abstract: Polymerizable amido-substituted sulfonic acids, especially 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, react with epoxides (especially ethylene and propylene oxide) to form hydroxy-containing esters which are useful for the production of dyeable and dyeability-improving polymers.