Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the incorporation of foreign DNA into chromosomes of dicotyledonous plants by infecting the plants or incubating plant protoplasts with Agrobacterium bacteria, which contain one or more plasmids, wherein bacteria are used which contain at least one plasmid having the vir-region of Ti (tumor inducing) plasmid but no T-region, and at least one other plasmid having a T-region with incorporated therein foreign DNA but no vir-region, as well as to a Agrobacterium bacteria, suitable for use in the process according to claim 1 wherein at least one plasmid which has the vir-region of a Ti (tumor inducing) plasmid but no T-region and at least one other plasmid which has a wild type T-region with incorporated in it foreign DNA but no vir-region.

Abstract: A process for the activation of genes in micro-organisms, in which genes not occurring as such in nature are activated by contact with plants or with the substance or substances causing the activation and present or not in plant fragments or plant exudates, the genes used consisting of one or more proteins encoding fragments of one or more natural genes and/or one or more synthetically produced DNA-sequences, which encode for one or more proteins and a promotor region originating from one of the genes naturally present in micro-organisms and being of such a nature that respectively the effecting or omitting of the above-mentioned contact makes it possible to activate the artificially constructed gene or genes or to stop the activity of the gene or genes, respectively.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the incorporation of foreign DNA into chromosomes of dicotyledonous plants by infecting the plants or incubating plant protoplasts with Agrobacterium bacteria, which contain one or more plasmids, wherein bacteria are used which contain at least one plasmid having the vir-region of a Ti (tumour inducing) plasmid but no T-region, and at least one other plasmid having a T-region with incorporated therein foreign DNA but no vir-region, as well as to a Agrobacterium bacteria wherein at least one plasmid which has the vir-region of a Ti (tumour inducing) plasmid but no T-region and at least one other plasmid which has a wild type T-region with incorporated in it foreign DNA but no vir-region.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the incorporation of foreign DNA into the genome of dicotyledonous plants by infecting the plants or incubating plant protoplasts with Agrobacterium tumefaciens bacteria, which contain one or more Ti (tumour inducing) plasmids, wherein as Ti plasmid a stable cointegrate plasmid composed of the plasmid R772 and the plasmid pTiB6 with foreign DNA incorporated in the T-region of the Ti component of the cointegrate plasmid is applied as well as to a cointegrate plasmid pAL969 and cointegrate plasmids derived from the cointegrate plasmid by the incorporation of foreign DNA into the T-region of the Ti component.

Abstract: Genetic properties of higher plants are transformed by incubating protoplasts of the plants together with plasmid DNA. The incubation is effected in the presence of polyethylene glycol and calcium ions. Subsequently--during after-incubation--the calcium ion concentration in the incubation medium is gradually increased and at the same time the polyethylene glycol concentration is decreased. The resulting aggregates are separated, grown further separately, and examined for modification of their genetic properties.