Abstract: An object verification system generates an incremental verification key which can be carried on the object co-extensive with the region of the associated randomly varying characteristic. The incremental key can be formed by measuring values of the characteristic and comparing selected pairs of values. The algebraic sign of the comparison can be used as an indicium for creating a verification key distributable across the region of the object. Alternately, the magnitude of the difference between the selected pairs of values can be also be included in some or all of the indicia.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods of verifying objects utilize an inherent randomly varying and detectable characteristic of a recordable magnetic region affixed to the object. Detectability of the randomly varying magnetic characteristic can be enhanced by recording a selected electrical signal thereon. Digital and analog signals may be used. Both saturation and nonsaturation forms of recording can be used. A verification apparatus senses the enhanced randomly varying magnetic characteristic and compares it to a prestored representative profile previously created. Correspondence between the prestored profile and the currently read characteristic indicates an authentic object. Other objects can be rejected.

Abstract: Appartus and methods of verifying objects utilize detectable characteristics of a plurality of spaced apart, magnetizable magnetic security regions affixed to the object. Magnetic characteristics for each magnetic region are detected from two different orientations. A verification apparatus senses the magnetic characteristics from two different orientations and compares it to a prestored representative profile previously created. Correspondence between the prestored profile and the currently read characteristics indicates an authentic object. Other objects can be rejected.

Abstract: The invention pertains to apparatus and methods for securely transmitting a personal identifier between an originator thereof and a preselected data base. Especially, pertaining to a computer terminal and a method and acquiring a personal identifier used in connection with an account number of an institution, such as a bank, and securely transmitting an encrypted version of the identifier along with a representation of the account number to the institution's data base.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods of verifying objects utilize an inherent randomly varying and detectable characteristic of a recordable magnetic region affixed to the object. Detectability of the randomly varying magnetic characteristic can be enhanced by recording a selected electrical signal thereon. Digital and analog signals may be used. Both saturation and nonsaturation forms of recording can be used. A verification apparatus senses the enhanced randomly varying magnetic characteristic and compares it to a prestored representative profile previously created. Correspondence between the prestored profile and the currently read characteristic indicates an authentic object. Other objects can be rejected.